KAJIAN RANTAI PASOK DAN NILAI TAMBAH KOMODITI CABAI RAWIT DI KABUPATEN KUPANG PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Abstrak
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa rantai nilai dan mengkaji nilai tambah komoditi cabai rawit. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan metode hayami dan analisis biaya pokok. Hasil analisis rantai nilai menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keuntungan pada pedagang pengumpul sebesar Rp. 5.306 per kg, dan pada pedagang pengecer mencapai Rp. 10.806 per kg, sedangkan keuntungan petani Rp. 1.806 per kg. RC rasio yang dihasilkan yaitu 1,14 pada tingkat petani, 1,31 pada tingkat pedagang pengumpul dan 1,45 pada tingkat pedagang pengecer. Hasil analisis biaya pokok, penyimpanan dingin selama 3 bulan membutuhkan biaya sebesar Rp. 708,146 per kg. Nilai tersebut lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan penyimpanan konvensional sebesar Rp. 1.372 per kg. Berdasarkan wawancara mengenai prediksi harga 3 bulan ke depan dan nilai susut terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara penyimpanan konvensional dengan penyimpanan dingin. Keuntungan penyimpanan dingin lebih besar dari pada penyimpanan konvensional, yaitu Rp. 13.417 per kg selama penyimpanan 3 bulan sedangkan penyimpanan konvensional Rp. 3000 per kg. Peningkatan tersebut diperoleh dengan asumsi harga sebelum disimpan Rp. 22.250 per kg, dan harga jual setelah disimpan Rp. 35.000 per kg.
Kata Kunci: Rantai Nilai, Teknologi Penyimpanan Dingin
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the value chain and assess the added value Soe tangerine products. The results of the value chain analysis show that the level of profit for the trader is IDR 5,306 per kg, and retailers reach IDR 10,806 per kg, while the farmers' profit is IDR 1,806 per kg. The resulting RC ratio is 1.14 at the farmer level, 1.31 at the collector trader level and 1.45 at the retailer trader level. The results of the analysis of basic costs, cold storage for 3 months requires a fee of IDR 708,146 per kg. This value is lower compared to conventional storage of IDR 1,372 per kg. Based on interviews regarding price predictions for the next 3 months and shrinkage values there is a significant difference between conventional storage and cold storage. The advantage of cold storage is greater than conventional storage, which is IDR 13,417 per kg for 3 months storage while conventional storage is IDR 3,000 per kg. The increase was obtained assuming the price before being saved IDR 22,250 per kg, and the sale price after saving is IDR 35,000 per kg.
Keywords: Value Chain, Cold Storage Technology
Teks Lengkap:
211 - 225Referensi
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Rustini S, Prayudi B. 2011. Teknologi Produksi Benih Bawang Merah Varietas Bima Brebes. Risalah Hasil Pengkajian Inovasi Hortikultura di Jawa Tengah. Jawa Tengah (ID). Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Tengah.
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Triyono, Rosyadi I, Ahyani F. 2010. Efisiensi Pengelolaan Pasar Bawang Merah Kabupaten Cirebon. Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi vol 6 no 1.
ACIAR. 2012. Membuat Rantai Nilai Lebih Berpihak pada Kaum Miskin. Australian Center for International Agriculture Research. Buku Pegangan untuk Praktisi Rantai Nilai. Tabros Indonesia.
Agricultural Development International. 2008. Making Value Chains Work Better for the Poor: A Toolbook for Practitioners of Value Chain Analysis. UK Departement for International Development (DFID) Project. Phnom Penh (Combodia): Agricultural Development International.
Aung MM, Chang YS. 2014. Temperature Management for the Quality Assurance of a Perishabel Food Supply Chain. Food Control 40 198-207.
Bahtiar J, Kindangen G. 2011. Penerapan Rantai Nilai (Value Chain Analysis) dalam Rangka Akselerasi Pembangunan Sektor Pertanian di Sulawesi Utara. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP). Sulawesi Utara.
Bappebti. 2010. Pedoman Kelompok Tani Sistem Resi Gudang. Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia.
Boade VA. 2003. A Conversation About Value Adde Agriculture. Departement of Agriculture Economics, Kansas State University.
Dilana, IA. 2013. Pemasaran dan Nilai Tambah Biji Kakao di Kabupaten Madiun Jawa Timur. Thesis. Bogor: Sekolah Pascasarjana Institut Pertanian.
Direktorat Jenderal Pengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Pertanian. 2006. Road map Pascapanen dan Pemasaran Hasil Pertanian. Kementerian Pertanian RI.
FAO.2012. Study on Market Appraisal and Value Chain Development of Chili Products in West Java Food Agriculture Organization, 2012.
Hayami Y, Toshihiko, Kawagoe, Yoshinori Marooka, Masdjidin Siregar. 1987. Agricultural Marketing and Processing in Upland Java. A Perspective From A Sunda Village. CGPRT Center. Bogor. 75 p.
Islam MM, Kabir MH, Sattar MA, Kabir MS. 2008.Management Practices in some Selected Coldstorage in Bangladesh J.Innov.dev.strategy. 2(3):48-54.
Ito J, Bao Z, Su Q. 2012. Distributional Effect of Agricultural Cooperative in China : Exclusion of Small Holders and Potential gain on Participation J.Food Policy 37 (2012) 700-709.
Kart MCO, Demircan V.2014. An Economic Comparison of Conventional and Modern Coldstorage Facilities Turkey. V 10 n 1 ISSN 1808-2882.
Khunt KA, GajiparaHM, Venkariya SB. 2006. Price behaviour of major vegetables in Gujarat State. Indian Journal of Agricultural Marketing, 20: 28-37.
Kumar BG, Pramanik SC, Nawaz S. 2004. Economics of production and marketing of vegetables in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indian Journal of Agricultural Marketing, 18: 16-22.
Mayrowani H, Agustin NK, Swastika DK, Aziz M. 2013. Analisis Struktur Perilaku Kinerja Pemasaran Sayuran Bernilai Ekonomi Tinggi. Laporan Akhir. Pusat Penelitain dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian.
Mutia AK, Purwanto YA, Pujiantoro L. 2014. Perubahan Kualitas Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L) Selama Penyimpanan Pada Tingkat Kadar Air dan Suhu Berbeda. Jurnal Pascapanen. Belum terbit.
Navadkar DS, Sale DL, Patil UD. 2005. Marketing of vegetables grown around Pune city. Agricultural Situation in India, 63: 259-65.
Rustini S, Prayudi B. 2011. Teknologi Produksi Benih Bawang Merah Varietas Bima Brebes. Risalah Hasil Pengkajian Inovasi Hortikultura di Jawa Tengah. Jawa Tengah (ID). Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Tengah.
Sidhu RS., Sanjay K, Kamal V, dan Parminder S. 2010. Supply Chain Analysis of Onion and Cauliflower in Punjab. Agricultural Economics Research Review. Vol. 23 (Conference Number) 2010 pp 445-453.
Triyono, Rosyadi I, Ahyani F. 2010. Efisiensi Pengelolaan Pasar Bawang Merah Kabupaten Cirebon. Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi vol 6 no 1.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/agricore.v5i2.31255
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