ANALISIS EFISIENSI BIAYA PEMUPUKAN KELAPA SAWIT: PERBANDINGAN METODE MANUAL DAN MEKANIS DI PT BUMI SAWIT KENCANA, KALIMANTAN TENGAH

Agus Riyanto, Jaka Santoso, Dindy Darmawati Putri

Abstrak


Abstrak

Pemupukan merupakan salah satu komponen biaya utama dalam pengelolaan perkebunan kelapa sawit dan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja produksi tanaman. Dalam praktiknya, pemupukan manual masih banyak diterapkan sehingga membutuhkan tenaga kerja besar dan biaya operasional yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efisiensi biaya pemupukan kelapa sawit melalui perbandingan metode pemupukan manual dan mekanis di PT Bumi Sawit Kencana, Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan analisis struktur biaya yang didukung oleh observasi lapangan, pengukuran waktu kerja, dan wawancara dengan operator serta pengawas pemupukan. Analisis difokuskan pada kebutuhan tenaga kerja, kapasitas kerja, kecepatan operasional, dan biaya pemupukan per hektare. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan mekanis mampu menurunkan kebutuhan tenaga kerja dan mempercepat penyelesaian pekerjaan sehingga berdampak pada penurunan biaya pemupukan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa mekanisasi pemupukan merupakan strategi manajerial yang efektif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi biaya dan produktivitas tenaga kerja pada perkebunan kelapa sawit berskala besar. Hasil ini dapat menjadi referensi praktis bagi manajemen dalam merancang kebijakan pemupukan yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan.

Kata kunci: Efisiensi Biaya, Manajemen Pemupukan, Mekanisasi, Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja, Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit

Abstract

Fertilization is a major cost component in oil palm plantation management and plays an important role in determining production performance. In many plantations, fertilization is still carried out manually, resulting in high labor dependency and increased operational costs. This study aims to analyze the cost efficiency of oil palm fertilization by comparing manual and mechanized application methods at PT Bumi Sawit Kencana, Central Kalimantan. A quantitative descriptive approach was applied using cost structure analysis supported by field observations, time measurements, and interviews with fertilization operators and supervisors. The analysis focused on labor requirements, work capacity, operational speed, and fertilization costs per hectare. The results show that mechanized fertilization reduces labor requirements and shortens work duration, leading to lower fertilization costs compared to manual methods. These findings indicate that fertilization mechanization is an effective managerial strategy to improve cost efficiency and labor productivity in large-scale oil palm plantations. The results also provide practical references for plantation management in formulating more efficient fertilization policies.

Keywords: cost efficiency, fertilization management, mechanization, labor productivity, oil palm plantation

Teks Lengkap:

144-158

Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/agricore.v11i1.70055

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