Sinergisme Ekstrak Piper aduncum dan Tephrosia vogelii terhadap Penggerek Batang Padi Kuning, Scirpophaga incertulas

Abstrak

Abstract
Synergism of Piper aduncum and Tephrosia vogelii Extracts against the Rice Yellow Stem Borer, Scirpophaga
incertulas
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the important staple food crops in the world. One of the important pests on rice
is the rice yellow stem borer (RYSB) Scirpophaga incertulas . One of the alternative control techniques that
can be applied is by using botanical insecticides. The purpose of this study was to determine the synergism
between Piper aduncum fruit and Tephrosia vogelii leaf extracts against RYSB larvae. P. aduncum and T.
vogelii extracts, either tested separately or in mixtures with concentration ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, were
effective against RYSB larvae. The treatments with these extracts caused death in YRSB larvae at 72 hours
after treatment in which the affected larvae showed internal tissue damage symptom. The most toxic test
material to RYSB larvae was P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture with a concentration ratio of 1:2.
LC50 and LC95 of P. aduncum extract were 0.175% and 0.126%, respectively, while those of T. vogelii extract
were 1.620% and 2.075%, respectively. P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture with 1:1 ratio had LC50
0.056% and LC95 0.143%, while that with 2:1 ratio had LC50 0.025% and LC95 0.149%. LC50 and LC95 of the
mixture with 1:2 ratio were 0.016% and 0.083%, respectively. P. aduncum and T. vogelii extract mixture at
the three concentration ratios were more effective than P. aduncum and T. vogelii extracts applied
separately and synergistic to RYSB larvae.
Keywords: Botanical Insecticide, Piper aduncum, Scirpophaga incertulas , Synergism, Tephrosia vogelii .
Abstrak
Padi (Oryza sativa) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting pangan dunia. Salah satu hama penting pada
tanaman padi adalah penggerek batang padi kuning, Scirpophaga incertulas . Salah satu cara pengendalian
yang dapat diterapkan adalah dengan menggunakan insektisida nabati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah
menentukan sinergisme ekstrak buah Piper aduncum dan daun Tephrosia vogelii terhadap larva S.
incertulas . Perlakuan ekstrak P. aduncum dan T. vogelii baik secara terpisah maupun campuran pada nisbah
konsentrasi 1:1, 2:1, dan 1:2 efektif terhadap larva S. incertulas . Perlakuan ini dapat menimbulkan kematian
pada S. incertulas dengan gejala kerusakan jaringan larva instar 1 pada 72 jam setelah perlakuan. Bahan uji
yang paling beracun terhadap larva S. incertulas adalah campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan T. vogelii dengan
nisbah konsentrasi 1:2. LC50 dan LC95 ekstrak P. aduncum masing-masing 0,175% dan 0,126%. Sementara itu
LC50 dan LC95 ekstrak T. vogelii masing-masing 1,620% dan 2,075%. Campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan T.
vogelii pada nisbah konsentrasi 1:1 memiliki LC50 0,056% dan LC95 0,143%. Sementara itu campuran ekstrak
tersebut pada nisbah konsentrasi 2:1 memiliki LC50 0,025% dan LC95 0,149%. LC50 dan LC95 campuran
ekstrak tersebut pada nisbah konsentrasi 1:2 masing-masing 0,016% dan 0,083%. Campuran ekstrak P.
aduncum dan T. vogelii pada ketiga nisbah konsentrasi lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan ekstrak
tunggalnya dan bersifat sinergis terhadap larva S. incertulas .
Kata kunci: Insektisida Nabati, Piper aduncum, Tephrosia vogelii , Scirpophaga incertulas , Sinergisme.