Karakteristik Kitosan Dari Limbah Cangkang Udang Windu (Panaeus monodon)

Eko Cahyono

doi:10.24198/jaki.v3i2.23395

Karakteristik Kitosan Dari Limbah Cangkang Udang Windu (Panaeus monodon)

Eko Cahyono

Abstrak

Kitin merupakan biopolimer yang tersusun atas unit N-asetil-D-Glukosamin. Struktur kitin sangat mirip dengan selulosa yang membedakan pada gugus asetaminda diganti oleh gugus hidroksil pada atom karbonnya. Kitosan sebagai polimer yang tersusun dari 2-amino-2-deoksi-β-D-glukosa dapat diperoleh dengan cara ekstraksi kitin. Pengubahan molekul kitin menjadi kitosan diperoleh dengan cara mengubah gugus asetamida (–NHCOCH) pada kitin menjadi gugus amina (–NH₃) pada kitosan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkarakterisasi kitosan limbah kulit udang meliputi perhitungan rendemen, analisis proksimat dan logam berat. Tahap penelitian terdiri atas proses deproteinasi, demineralisasi, dan deasetilasi. Kitosan yang dihasilkan selanjutnya dianalisis proksimat, kadar logam berat, dan derajat deasetilasi. Hasil analisis karakteristik kitosan menunjukkan rendemen 14%. Nilai kadar air 12,29%; kadar abu 0,99%; total nitrogen 2,20%; kadar lemak 3,13%; dan karbohidrat 81,39%. Viskositas 1713,04 cps; derajat deasetilasi 98,65%. Kandungan logam berat merkuri 0,00001±2,7735 ppm, kadmium 0,00079±3,4641 ppm, tembaga 0,01105±1,7320 ppm, timbal 0,00316±2,3094 dan arsen 0.00098±1,7320.

Kata Kunci

Karakterisasi; Kitosan; Limbah, Udang

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jaki.v3i2.23395