PROGRAM PEACE CORPS SEBAGAI DIPLOMASI PUBLIK AMERIKA SERIKAT DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2016-2020

Defikri Natadiwangsa, Chandra Purnama, Akim Akim

Abstrak


Artikel ini memberikan penjelasan mengenai Program Peace Corps yang diadakan di Indonesia sebagai bentuk pelaksanaan diplomasi publik Amerika Serikat (AS). Program Peace Corps dilaksanakan di sekolah/madrasah di tiga provinsi, di Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur dan Nusa Tenggara Timur. Salah satu madrasah yang menjalin kerjasama terkait Program Peace Corps adalah MAN 1 Darussalam Ciamis, program ini dilaksanakan oleh Relawan Peace Corps (PCVs) berkebangsaan AS yang didatangkan untuk membantu sekolah atau madrasah dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, terutama di bidang Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris. Selain itu, program ini juga telah menangkal citra atau anggapan tidak baik yang ada dalam benak Muslim di Indonesia terhadap AS pasca terjadinya peristiwa 9/11. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif sebagai teknik analisis data dan teknik pengumpulam data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi lapangan serta studi pustaka. Program Peace Corps di Indonesia dianalisis menggunakan struktur diplomasi publik yang disajikan Eytan Gilboa dengan hasil bahwa diplomasi publik AS tergolong ke dalam diplomasi publik jangka panjang dengan waktu beberapa tahun yang bertujuan untuk membangun hubungan - membangun citra baik dengan Muslim Indonesia. hubungan dibangun dengan cara mengirimkan relawan Peace Corps (exchange) ke sekolah/madrasah untuk beriteraksi secara langsung dengan masyarakat Muslim Indonesia.

 

This article provides an explanation of the Peace Corps Program held in Indonesia as a form of United States (US) public diplomacy. The Peace Corps program is implemented in schools/madrasas in three provinces, in West Java, East Java and East Nusa Tenggara. One of the madrasas that collaborated with the Peace Corps Program was MAN 1 Darussalam Ciamis, this program was implemented by US-based Peace Corps Volunteers (PCVs) who were brought in to assist schools or madrasas in improving the quality of education, especially in the field of English Language Teaching. Apart from that, this program has also counteracted the bad image or perception that exists in the minds of Muslims in Indonesia towards the US after the events of 9/11. This study used a qualitative-descriptive research method as a data analysis technique and data collection techniques were carried out by means of interviews, field observations and literature studies. The Peace Corps program in Indonesia was analyzed using the public diplomacy structure presented by Eytan Gilboa with the result that US public diplomacy belongs to long-term public diplomacy with a period of several years which aims to build relationships - build a good image with Indonesian Muslims. relationships built by sending Peace Corps (exchange) volunteers to schools/madrasas to interact directly with the Indonesian Muslim community.

 


Kata Kunci


Diplomasi Publik; Peace Corps; Amerika Serikat; Indonesia

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


BUKU

Ali, M. (2009). Bridging Islam and The West : An Indonesia VIew. Jakarta: Ushul Press.

Melissen, J. (2005). The New Public Diplomacy : Soft Power In International Relations. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Rugh, W. A. (2014). Front Line Public Diplomacy How US Embassies Communicate with Foreign Publics. New York: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN.

Zaharna, R. (2010). Battles to Bridges U.S. Strategic Communication and Public Diplomacy after 9/11. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

JURNAL

Brown, N. M. (2019). The Peace Corps: Overview and Issues. New York: Congressional Research Service.

Clark, B., & Clark, K. (2018). Peace Corps Volunteers as Teachers of English. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1.

Durra, Z. J. (2018). US Public Diplomacy Efforts During Obama’s Administration to Combat Islamic Extremist. Communication and Public Diplomacy.

Gilboa, E. (2008). Public Diplomacy. The International Encyclopedia of Political Communication, 57.

Gilboa, E. (2015). Public Diplomacy. The International Encyclopedia of Political Communication, 3.

Kementeriaan Agama Republik Indonesia. (2015). Pengaturan Pelaksanaan Antara Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia dan Peace Corps Tentang Program Peace Corps Dalam Bidang Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris dan Pelatihan Guru Bahasa Inggris. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan .

Kim, H. (2017). Bridging the Theoretical Gap between Public Diplomacy and Cultural Diplomacy. The Korean Journal of International Studies, 293.

Kroenig, M., Adam , M., & Weber, S. (2013). Taking Soft Power Seriously. Comparative Strategy.

Lamont, C. (2015). Research Methods In International Relations. Los Angeles: Sage .

Nakamura, K. H., & Weed, M. C. (2009). U.S. Public Diplomacy: Background and Current Issues. Congressional Research Service.

O'Rourke, R. (2021). U.S. Role in the World: Background and Issues for Congress. Congressional Research Service, 4.

Powell, K. A. (2011). Framing Islam: An Analysis of U.S. Media Coverage of Terrorism Since 9/11. Communication Studies, 96.

Rostami, N. (2014). Public Diplomacy; Tools Of Power In Foreign Policy; (Case Study: Application Of Public Diplomacy In Foreign Policy Of United States Of America). Kuwait Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 189.

Seib, P. (2013). Religous Freedom And US Public Diplomacy. The Review of Faith & International Affairs.

YU, Z. (2018). Citizen Diplomacy–New US Public Diplomacy Strategy in the Middle East under the Obama Administration. Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia).

Interview

Imas, M. (2022, Desember 30). Program Peace Corps Tentang Pengajaran Bahasa Inggris di Sekolah/Madrasah Sebagai Diplomasi Publik di Indonesia. (D. Natadiwangsa, Interviewer)

Mindich, T. (2022, November 2). Diplomasi Publik Amerika Serikat di Indonesia Melalui Program Peace Corps. (D. Natadiwangsa, Interviewer)

Artikel Online

Direktorat Politik dan Komunikasi Bappenas. (2017). Laporan Fasilitasi Pelaksanaan Program Peace Corps Di Indonesia Tahun 2016. Jakarta: Direktorat Politik dan Komunikasi Bappenas.

Direktur Politik dan Komunikasi Kementerian PPN/Bappenas. (2013). Laporan Akhir Kegiatan Tahun 2012: Fasilitasi Pelaksanaan Program Peace Corps di Indonesia. Jakarta: Kementerian PPN/Bappenas.

U.S Departmen of State. (2023, Januari 16). USA Government. Retrieved from Executive Department Sub-Office/Agency/Bureau-Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs: https://www.usa.gov/federal-agencies/public-diplomacy-and-public-affairs

Peace Corps. (2020). Annual Report . Surabaya: Peace Corps Indonesia.

Peace Corps. (2022). Strategic Plan And Annual Performance Plan. Washington DC: Peace Corps Government.

Peace Corps Indonesia. (2017). Annual Report. Surabaya: Peace Corps Indonesia.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/aliansi.v2i1.45542

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.




 Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional Terindeks Di:

Google Scholar  Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) WorldCat Indonesia One Search     

Penerbit:

Pusat Studi Keamanan dan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran. Kampus FISIP Universitas Padjadjaran, Gedung D, Lt.2

Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia