BUDDHIST-NATIONALISM DAN PARADOKS PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITAS MULTIKULTURAL DI MYANMAR, THAILAND DAN KAMBOJA
Abstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji Buddhist-nationalism sebagai sebuah paradoks dalam konteks multikulturalisme di Asia Tenggara, khususnya di Myanmar, Thailand, dan Kamboja. Buddhisme yang secara historis mengajarkan kedamaian dan keterpisahan dari politik, justru mengalami transformasi di era modern dengan integrasinya ke dalam instrument politik dan identitas nasional yang cenderung eksklusif. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode komparatif, penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa di Myanmar dan Thailand, nasionalisme Buddhis sering berujung pada diskriminasi terhadap kelompok-kelompok minoritas, khususnya Muslim melalui diskriminasi narasi historis, politisasi agama dan integrasi negara dengan sangha. Sebaliknya di Kamboja, Buddhisme justru berfungsi sebagai kekuatan simbolik dan rekonsiliatif pasca trauma Khmer Merah, walau tetap ada peran politis dalam kelompok sanha di era kontemporer. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun buddhisme berakar dari nilai-nilai inklusivitas, transformasinya menjadi nasionalisme agama telah menimbulkan paradoks dalam pembentukan identitas multicultural di Asia Tenggara.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/aliansi.v4i2.64607
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Aliansi : Jurnal Politik, Keamanan Dan Hubungan Internasional Terindeks Di:
Penerbit:
Pusat Studi Politik dan Demokrasi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran.
Kampus FISIP Universitas Padjadjaran, Gedung D, Lt.2 Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21, Jatinangor, Sumedang, Indonesia