QUARTZ VEIN INFILL STRUCTURE MODE IN KENCANA DEPOSIT, GOSOWONG GOLDFIELD, INDONESIA

K.S. Electricia, Mega F. Rosana, Euis Tintin Yuningsih, Ildrem Syafri, S.N. Viqnoriva

Abstrak


ABSTRACT

Gosowong province has economic mineralisation which is classified as low sulphidation epithermal veining system containing high-grade of gold and silver. It is characterizes by various veins hosted in Holocene Quaternary volcanic rocks, mineralisation generally occurs in host rock andesite. The Kencana epithermal vein system in Gosowong Au-Ag district hosted by two main sub-parallel North-West trending major fault structures, named Kencana One (K1) and Kencana Two (K2) with strike lenght extend up to 600m. Both structures joined by link structures, appears to be Kencana Link (K-Link) as the thickest link structure. The Kencana One (K1) is the first underground mine in Gosowong district. The nature of underground conditions at Kencana has a high variability of gold grades. Thus due to extremely high grades ore in Kencana, it is need to be precise and thoroughly handling to obtain best results. Primary mineralisation occurs in multistage veins, breccias and stockwork veins as infill structures. This study confirming that there is a strong correlation between quartz vein infill structure mode versus gold grade which classified into (1) 1.01-3.0g/t Au, dominated with wall-rock breccia and stockwork, (2) 3.01-6.0g/t Au, dominated with wall-rock breccia follows by stockwork, (3) 6.01-20.0g/t Au, dominated with wall-rock breccia follows by quartz lode and stockwork, (4) 20.01-80.0g/t Au, dominated by wall-rock breccia follows by vein breccia and quartz lode, (5) >80g/t Au, dominated by wall-rock breccia. In terms of production quartz vein infill mode together and quartz vein texture with gold grade has been used as the main reference for geologist to make a direction in the process of ore drive determination in underground mining operations.

Keywords: Kencana, low sulphidation epithermal, quartz vein infill mode

SARI

Gosowong memiliki mineralisasi ekonomis yang merupakan epitermal sulfida rendah yang mengandung emas dan perak dengan kadar tinggi. Cebakan dicirikan dengan kehadiran urat yang bervariasi dengan batuan vulkanik kuarter sebagai batuan induk berumur Holosen, mineralisasi umumnya terjadi di dalam batuan induk andesit. Kencana berada di dalam area Cebakan Au-Ag Gosowong. Kencana terdiri dari dua struktur besar yang berdampingan, dinamakan Kencana Satu (K1) dan Kencana Dua (K2) dengan arah jurus sepanjang 600m. Keduanya dihubungkan dengan struktur yang dinamakan Kencana Link (K-Link) yang merupakan struktur bukaan yang paling tebal. K1 adalah tambang bawah tanah pertama di Gosowong. Kondisi bawah tanah di Kencana menunjukkan variasi tubuh bijih emas yang mengandung kadar emas yang bervariasi. Dengan adanya kadar emas yang tinggi, maka penangannya harus tepat dan seksama untuk mendapatkan hasil terbaik. Secara umum mineralisasi terjadi secara bertahap dalam urat kuarsa, breksiasi, dan urat stockwork. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara tipe struktur urat kuarsa dengan kadar emas yang diklasifikasikan menjadi (1) 1.01-3.0 g/t Au, didominasi oleh breksiasi batuan dinding dan stockwork, (2) 3.01-6.0 g/t Au, didominasi oleh breksiasi batuan dinding diikuti oleh stockwork, (3) 6.01-20.0 g/t Au, didominasi oleh breksiasi batuan dinding diikuti oleh quartz lode dan stockwork (4) 20.01-80.0 g/t Au, didominasi oleh breksiasi batuan dinding diikuti oleh breksiasi urat kuarsa dan quartz lode (5) > 80g/t Au, didominasi oleh breksiasi batuan dinding. Di dalam proses produksi, tipe struktur urat kuarsa dan  tekstur urat kuarsa bersama dengan kadar emas menjadi petunjuk untuk geolog dalam menentukan arah penambangan emas di dalam tambang bawah tanah.

Kata kunci: epitermal sulfida rendah, Kencana, tipe struktur urat kuarsa

Teks Lengkap:

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Referensi


Carlile, J.C., Davey, G.R., Kadir, I., Langmead, R.P., and Rafferty, W.J., 1998. Discovery and exploration of the Gosowong epithermal gold deposit, Halmahera, Indonesia. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 60, h. 207 - 227.

Clark, L.V., 2012. The geology and genesis of the Kencana epithermal Au-Ag deposit, Gosowong Goldfiels, Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Ph.D Thesis at CODES University of Tasmania, h. 1-14.

Coombes, J., 2008. The Art and Science of Resource Estimation. Coombes Capability, Perth, 218 h.

Coupland, T., Sims, D., Singh, V., Benton, R., Wardiman, D., and Carr, T., 2009. Understanding geological variability and quantifying resource risk at the Kencana Underground Gold Mine, Indonesia. Seventh International Mining Geology Conference, h. 169 - 186.

Dong, G., Morrison, G.W., and Jaireth, S., 1995. Quartz Textures in epithermal veins, Queensland – classification, origin, and implication. Economic Geology, v.90, h. 1841-1856.

Moncada, D., Bodnar, R.J., Reynolds, T.J., Rimstidt, J.D., and Mutchler, S., 2009. Characteristic and distribution of mineral textures and fluid inclusions in the epithermal Ag-Au deposits at Guanajuato, Mexico. Geoscience at Virginia Tech, abstract: 1419.


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