KONDISI TEKTONIK RENCANA TAPAK BENDUNGAN PELOSIKA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS CITRA SATELIT DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS
Abstrak
ABSTRAK
Bendungan Pelosika direncanakan memiliki kapasitas tampung air sebesar 822,26 m3 dengan luas lahan genangan 160.000 hektar. Keberadaan bendungan diharapkan dapat mengurangi debit banjir sebesar 10,359 m3/detik, menyediakan air baku dengan debit sebesar 0,20 m3/detik dan dapat membangkitkan listrik sebesar 10 MW. Konstruksi Bendungan tipe Rock Fill Dam berlokasi di Sungai Konaweha yang merupakan salah satu sungai terbesar di Sulawesi Tenggara. Irigasi untuk lahan seluas 20.040 Ha di Kabupaten Kolaka Timur dan Konawe diharapkan dapat terpenuhi. Geomorfologi lokasi rencana Bendungan Pelosika terdiri dari Pegunungan dan pedataran. Wilayah ini tersusun oleh batuan metamorfik berumur Paleozoikum dan endapan aluvium berumur Kuarter. Studi awal kondisi tektonik lokasi rencana Bendungan Pelosika menggunakan pendekatan morfometrik berdasarkan analisis indeks rasio lebar dan tinggi lembah (Vf) dan sinusitas muka gunung (Smf). Pengolahan citra satelit dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) digunakan dalam metode penelitian. Variabel morfometrik dan data indikasi tektonik diperoleh dari hasil pengolahan citra Landsat 8 OLI dan SRTM 30 m. Hasil analisis kelurusan geomorfologi menunjukkan arah umum UBL-STG yang berimpit dengan sesar-sesar yang ada di wilayah tersebut. Elevasi tertinggi berada pada 2.852 mdpl dan elevasi terendah -100 mdpl. Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) seluas 715.041 Ha dengan panjang total sungai sekitar 145,85 Km. Analisis morfotektonik pada empat lokasi terpilih menunjukkan nilai Vf antara 0,25 hingga 0,75 dan nilai Smf antara 1,06 hingga 1,17. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kedua variabel morfotektonik tersebut diketahui bahwa daerah rencana dudukan Bendungan Pelosika berada di daerah dengan kondisi tektonik menengah hingga aktif.
Kata Kunci: Bendungan Pelosika, morfometrik, tektonik, citra satelit, SIG
ABSTRACT
Pelosika Dam is planned to have a water holding capacity of 822.26 m3 with an inundation area of 160,000 hectares. This dam is planned to reduce flood discharge by 10.359 m3 / second, provide raw water with a discharge of 0.20 m3 / second and can generate electricity by 10 MW. The Rock Fill Dam type of construction is located on the Konaweha River which is one of the largest rivers on the mainland of Southeast Sulawesi. It is also expected to be able to flow through irrigation of 20,040 hectares in the districts of East Kolaka and Konawe. Regionally, geomorphology is in the form of mountains and plain. The constituent rocks are Paleozoic metamorphic rocks and Quaternary alluvium deposits. The initial study of tectonic conditions of the Pelosika Dam site plan uses a morphometric approach based on the analysis of the valley width and height ratio (Vf) and sinuosity mountain front (Smf). Satellite imagery processing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are used in research methods. Morphometric variables and tectonic indication data obtained from Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM 30 m imageries processing. The results of the geomorphological lineament analysis indicate that the general direction is North Northwest - South Southeast which coincides with faults in the region. The highest elevation was 2,852 meter after sea level and the lowest elevation was -100 meter after sea level. Watershed covering an area of 715,041 hectares with a total river length of around 145.85 kilo meters. Morphotectonic analysis at four selected locations showed a Vf value between 0.25 to 0.75 and a Smf value between 1.06 to 1.17. Based on the results of the analysis of the two morphotectonic variables, it is known that the Pelosika Dam area designation is in an area with medium to active tectonic conditions.
Key words: Pelosika Dam, morphometric, tectonic, satellite imagery, GIS
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/bsc.v17i2.23010
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