PERAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOMETRI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI BUOL TERHADAP BANJIR DI WILAYAH BUKAL, TILOAN, MOMUNU DAN BIAU, PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH

Sukardan Tawil, Emi Sukiyah, Mega Fatimah Rosana, Dicky Muslim

Abstrak


ABSTRAK
Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Buol terletak di lengan utara Pulau Sulawesi. Bentuk DAS yang menyerupai angka 7 cenderung berbentuk paralel, menandakan ada dua sungai besar yang menyatu di wilayah hilir. Bagian hilir tampak lebar, seolah membentuk bejana besar yang dapat menyebabkan aliran S. Buol tergenang dalam jangka waktu lama. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peran morfometri DAS terhadap fenomena banjir di wilayah tersebut. Beragam metode digunakan untuk ekstraksi data dari Citra Landsat, SRTM, peta topografi dan peta tematik yang dilakukan di studio. Deskripsi dan pengukuran obyek dilakukan di lapangan. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif-deskriptif menghasilkan visualisasi dalam bentuk grafik, peta dan tabel. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 17 sub-DAS Buol. Luas sub DAS berkisar dari 2,82 sampai 335,4 km2.. Secara umum DAS Buol menunjukkan bentuk lahan pedataran dan perbukitan. Pola pengaliran di DAS Buol yakni subtrellis, subdendritik, subrektangular dan anastomotik. Morfometri berperan terhadap zona bencana geologi di dataran banjir di Timur dan Timur laut DAS Buol mencakup sebagian wilayah Kecamatan Bukal, Kecamatan Momunu dan Kecamatan Biau. Pada SDB6 bentuk DAS adalah bulu burung serta SDB7 dan SDB8 memiliki bentuk DAS radial. Nilai kerapatan pengaliran (Dd) yaitu SDB6 (1,98), SDB7 (2,44), SDBS8 (1,30), SDB6 (1,98), SDB7 (2,44) dan SDBS8 (1,30). Bila nilai Dd berkisar antara 0,25 – 10, maka alur sungai melewati batuan dengan resistensi keras sehingga sedimen yang terangkut aliran sungai relatif lebih kecil. Berdasarkan hasil rekapitulasi, debit banjir dapat diperkirakan hingga 100 tahun.
Kata Kunci : DAS Buol, Morfometri, Pola Pengaliran, Banjir


ABSTRACT
The Buol watershed is located in the northern arm of Sulawesi Island. A watershed shape that resembles the number 7 tends to be parallel, indicating there are two major rivers that converge in the downstream region. The downstream section is wide, forming a large vessel that can cause the flow of S. Buol to be inundated for a long time. This research was conducted to find out how far the role of watershed morphometric on flood phenomena in the region. Various methods are used for data extraction from Landsat Imagery, SRTM, topographic maps and thematic maps conducted in the studio. Description and measurement of the object is done in the field. Data analysis using quantitative-descriptive approach produces visualization in the form of graph, map and table. The analysis was conducted on 17 Buol sub-watersheds. The area of the sub-watershed ranges from 2.82 to 335.4 sq.km. In general, the Buol watershed shows the shape of the plains and hills. The drainage pattern are subtrellis, subdendritic, subrectangular and the anastomotic. The morphometric relationship to the geological disaster zone in the flood plains of East and Northeast Buol watershed in some areas covers Bukal Subdistrict, Momunu Subdistrict and Biau Subdistrict. SDB6 sub-watershed forms like bird feathers, while SDB7 and SDB8 are radial. The drainage density (Dd) are SDB6 (1.98), SDB7 (2.44), SDBS8 (1.30), SDB6 (1.98), SDB7 (2.44) and SDBS8 (1.30). If the Dd value ranges from 0.25 - 10, the river channel passes through rocks with hard resistance so that the sediment transported by the river flow is relatively smaller. Based on the recapitulation results, flood discharge can be estimated up to 100 years.
Key word : Buol watershed, Morphometric, Drainage pattern, Flood


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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/bsc.v17i2.23172

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