ONE MANAGEMENT PATTERN IN CORE-PLASMA PARTNERSHIPS: A Solution For Reducing Social Conflicts and Improving the Welfare of Oil Palm Farmers

Abstract

The core-plasma partnership model in palm oil plantations in Indonesia has been implemented as a strategy to improve the welfare of plasma farmers and reduce the socio-economic gap between core companies and local communities. However, the implementation of this model is often marked by social conflicts due to the imbalance of negotiation power, low transparency in the financial system, and unfair profit distribution. The point of this study is to look into how well the One Management Pattern (PSM) helps reduce social conflicts in West Kalimantan core-plasma partnerships. This study uses a SWOT analysis and an actor analysis method to find the internal and external factors that affect how well PSM implementation goes. The research results show that PSM is able to improve the efficiency of plasma garden management through direct management by the core company, but still faces resistance from plasma farmers who feel they are losing control over their land. The main factors triggering farmers' dissatisfaction include high credit burdens, low transparency in the financial system, and the perceived lower quality of plasma estate revitalization compared to independent estates. To address this conflict, a strategy focusing on strengthening the role of farmer cooperatives as mediators, increasing transparency in the financial system, and regulatory support from local governments is needed. In addition, the involvement of customary institutions and community leaders in maintaining social stability is also a key factor in creating sustainable harmony. The core-plasma model used by PSM is meant to improve the well-being of farmers, make society more stable, and encourage long-term rural development in areas with palm oil plantations by taking an open and fair approach.