ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE FUNGI AND SUSTAINABILITY OF ARTISANAL GOLD MINING WASTE DISPOSAL SITE REVEGETATION
Abstract
Mining areas is associated with barren, highly altered soil structure, poor soil nutrients and high heavy metals concentration. Those condition, in some way may influence plant and its microbial symbion adaptation in order to establish vegetation. Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) form symbiosis to plant and provide both side beneficial. Because of its importance, AM F are addressed as important aspect in revegetation. In this paper we describe about AMF present in Artisanal Gold Mining (AGM) waste disposal site and furthermore we review about AMF adaptation in facing climate change. AMF spore and colonization were observed under microscope. Generally, 5 AMF species from genus Glomus and Acaulospora had been found. AMF Spore density varied from 8-162 spore/ 150 gram soil. Root colonizations were found in 8 plant species with percentage range from very low to high category. The highest concentration of mercury (135,4 ppm), Pb (51,4 ppm), and Cyanide (5,6 ppm) is followed by supreme AM diversity (4 species), spore density ( 162/150 gram soil), colonization percentage (high category), and plant diversity (6 species). The plant diversity was decreasing along with the low diversity and abundance of AMF. This results indicate that indigenous AMF can colonizes and promote plant diversity in tailing and potentially can be used to promote revegetation. Elevated C seems play role in enchancing AMF colonization but in soil with low available nitrogen, AMF are indicated to promote carbon loss. Furthermore, higher temperature may result in lower glomalin, protein produced by AMF which function in water-stability of soil aggregate.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Al-Tabbaa A, Smith SE, Duru UE, lyengar SR, De Munck C, Moffat AJ, Hutchings TR, Dixon T, Doak I, Garvin SL, Ridal I, Raco M, Henderson S (2007) Climate change, pollutant linkage, and brownfield regeneration. SUBR: IM Bulletin sub 03
Allen MF (1991) The ecology of mycorrhiza. Cambridge Univ Press, Cambridge
Arisusanti RJ, Purwani KI (2013) Pengaruh pemberian inikoriza Glomus fasciculatum terhadap kumulasi logam timbal (Pb) pada tanaman Dahlia pinnata. Jumal Sains dan Sent Porn its 2: 69-73
Bago B, Pfeffer PE, Shachar-Hill Y (2000) Carbon metabolism and transport in arbuscular mycorrhizas. Plant Physiol 124: 949-958
Biro B, Posta K, Fiizy A, Kadar I, Németh T (2005) Mycorrhizal functioning as partof the survival mechanisms of barley (HorJeum vulgare L.) at long-term heavy metal stress. Acta Biol Szegedien 49: 65-67
Brevik EC (2013) The potential impact of climate chane on soil properties and processes and corresponding influence on food security. Agriculture 3: 398-417
British Columbia Ministry of Environment (1995) Criteria managing contaminated sites in British Columbia. Waste Management Progam. B.
C. Ministry of Environment. Canada
Brundrett MC, Bougherr N, Dells B, Grove T, Malajczuk N (1994) Working with inycorrhizas in forestry and agriculture. Prairie Printers, Canberra
Cheng L, Booker FL, Tu C, Burkey KO, Zhou L, Shew HD, Rufty TW, Hu S (2012) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase organic carbon decomposition under elevated CO . Science 337: 1084-1087
Compant S. van der Heijden, Sessitch A (2010) Climate change effects on beneficial plant-microorganism interactions. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 73:197-214
Cunningham SD, Berti WR, Huang JW (1995) Phytoreinediation of contaminated soils. Trends Biotechnol 13: 393-397
Derome I, Nieminen T (1998) Metal and macronutrient fluxes in heavy- metal polluted Scots pine ecosystems in SW Finland. Environ Pollut 103:219—28
Galli U, Schuepp H, Brunold, C (1994). Heavy metal binding by mycorrhizal fungi. Physiol Plantarum 92: 364-368
Gaur A, Adholeya, A (2004) Prospect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Current Science 8b: 528-534
Giovannetti M, Mosse B (1980) An evaluation of technique for measuring vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal infection in root. New Phytol 84: 498-500
Gooday GW (1994) Physiology of microbial degradation of chitin and chitosan. In Ratledge C (Ed) Biochemistry of microbial degradation.: Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 279-312
Herman DZ (2006) Tinjauan terhadap tailing mengandung unsur pencemar arsen (as), merkuri (hg), timbal (pb), dan kadmium (cd) dari sisa pengolahan bijih logam. Jumal Geologi Indonesia 1(1): 31 -36
Hidayati N, Juhaeti T, Syarif F (2009) Mercury and cyanide contaminations in gold mine environment and possible solution of cleaning up by using phytoextraction. Hayati, Journal of Bioscience 16: 88-94
Hu SJ, Firestone MK, Chapin FS (1999) Soi1 microbial feedbacks to atmospheric COC enrichment. Tree 14:433—437
Juhaeti T, Hidayati N, Syarif F, Hidayat S (2009) Uji potensi tumbuhan akumulator merkuri untuk fitoremediasi lingkungan tercemar akibat kegiatan Penambangan Emas Tanpa Izin (PETI) di Kampung Leuwi Bolang, Desa Bantar Karet, Kecamatan Nanggung, Bogor. Jumal Biologi Indonesia 6: 1 -11.
Koske RE, Gemma JN (1989) A modified procedure for staining roots to detect VA mycorrhizas. Mycological Research. 92: 486-505
Leyval C, Turnau K, Haselwandter K. (1997) Effect of heavy metal pollution on mycorrhizal colonization and function: Physiological, ecological and applied aspects. Mycorrhiza 7: 139-153
Margarettha (2011) Eksplorasi dan identifikasi mikoriza indigen asal tanah bekas tambang batubara. Berita Biologi 10: 641-64
Prasetyo B, Krisnayanti DB, Utomo WH, Anderson CWN (2010) Rehabilitation of artisanal mining gold land in West Lombok, Indonesia arbuscular mycorrhiza status of tailings and surrounding soils. Journal of Agricultural Science 2: 202-209
Quosreshi AM (2008) The use of mycorrhizal biotechnology in restoration of disturbed ecosystem. In Siddiqui ZA, Akhtar MS, Futai K (eds), Mycorrhizae : Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry, Springer, pp 303-320
Rajkumar M, Prasad MNV, Swaminathan S, Freitas H (2013) Climate chane driven plant-metal-microbe interactions. Environmental International 53: 74-86
Rillig MC, Wright SF, Shaw MR, Field CB (2002) Artificial climate warming positively affects arbuscular mycorrhizae but decrease soil aggregate water stability in an annual grassland. Oikos 97: 52-58
Sambas EN, Juhaeti T, Hidayati N, Syarif F (2009) Tumbuhan berpotensi akumulator di lingkungan penambangan emas. In Rahmansyah M, Hidayati N, Juhaeti T (Eds) Tumbuhan akumulator untuk fitoremediasi lingkungan terceinar merkuri dan sianida penambangan emas, LIPI Press, Jakarta, pp 33-45
Shalaby AM (2003) Response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores isolated from heavy metal-polluted and unpolluted soil to Zn Cd Pb and their interaction in vitro. Pak I Biol Sci 6:1416-1422
Siddiqui ZA, Pitchel I (2008) Mycorrhizae: An overview. In Siddiqui ZA, Akhtar MS, Futai K (eds), Mycorrhizae : Sustainable Agriculture and Forestry, Springer, pp 1-36
Smith SE, Read DJ (2008) Mycorrhizal Symbiosis 4th edition. Academic, London
Tahira JJ, Khan SN, Anwar W, Suliman S (2013) Mycorrhizal association in some weeds of Curcuma longa fields of district Kasur, Pakistan. Pak J Weed Sci Res 18: 331-335
Tomiyasu T, Kono Y, Kodamatani H, Hidayati N, Rahajoe JS. 2013. The distribution of mercury around the small-scale gold mining area along the Cikaniki river, Bogor, Indonesia. Environmental Research 125: 12-19
Turnau K., Mesjasz-Przybylowicz I (2003) Arbuscular mycorrhizal of Berkheya coddii and other Ni-hyperaccumulating members of Asteraceae from ultramafic soils in South Africa. Mycorrhiza 13: 185— 190.
Turnau K, Orlowska E, Ryszka P, Zubek S, Anielska T, Gawronski S, Jurkiewicz A (2006) Role of mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation and toxicity monitoring of heavy metal rich industrial waste in southern Poland . In Twardowska I, Allen HE, Hagglom MM, Stefaniak S (eds) Soil and water pollution monitoring, protection and remediation 3-23 Springer Dordrecht, pp 533-551
Van der Heijden MGA, Klironomos JN, Ursic M, Moutoglis P, Streitwold-Engel R, Boller T, Wiemken A, Sanders IR (1998) Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem varibility and productivity. Nature 396: 69-72
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.