TINJAUAN BAHAN BERBAHAYA DALAM KRIM PENCERAH KULIT

RETNO HARYANTI

Abstrak


ABSTRAK

Setiap hari, manusia tidak pernah lepas dari kosmetik terutama bagi kaum wanita. Kosmetik digunakan untuk berbagai tujuan seperti agar penampilan menarik. Dari sekian banyak jenis kosmetik yang digunakan, krim pencerah kulit banyak diminati terutama oleh para wanita di Asia, termasuk Indonesia, agar diperoleh tampilan kulit wajah yang putih dan bersih. Begitu luasnya penyebaran dan penggunaan kosmetika jenis ini sehingga produk di pasaran juga sangat beragam. Dalam sediaan krim pemutih tersebut, sering ditambahkan beberapa bahan untuk mencapai efek yang diinginkan. Namun, ada pula yang menambahkan bahan pencerah yang berbahaya. Krim pencerah kulit sangat mungkin mengandung bahan-bahan seperti merkuri, hidrokuinon, steroid dan bahan berbahaya lainnya yang sangat toksik apalagi jika digunakan dalam jangka waktu yang lama.  Merkuri bekerja dengan menghambat sintesis melanin namun efek sampingnya sangat berbahaya, antara lain nefropati membran, nekrosis tubular kerusakan sistem syaraf pusat dan bahkan kanker. Demikian juga hidrokuinon, bersifat hepatotoksik dan karsinogenik. Penelitian terkait bahan berbahaya ini telah banyak dilakukan di berbagai negara. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk memberikan tinjauan menyeluruh dan terbaru mengenai bahan berbahaya dalam krim pencerah kulit dan pengujian bahan berbahaya tersebut.

 

Kata kunci : kosmetika, krim pencerah kulit, bahan pencerah berbahaya

 

ABSTRACT

Everyday, people never get out of cosmetics, especially for women. Cosmetics are used for various purposes such as attractive appearance. There are many types of cosmetics used but skin lightening cream products are quite popular, especially by women in Asia including Indonesia, with the aim to obtain a cleaner and whiter facial skin. Skin lightening products on the market are also very diverse. In such bleach creams, often added some substances to achieve the desired effect. However, some are adding harmful ingredients. Skin lightening cream is very likely to contain ingredients such as mercury, hydroquinone, steroids and other hazardous materials that are very toxic especially if used for long periods of time. Mercury works by inhibiting the synthesis of melanin but its side effects are very dangerous, including membrane nephropathy, tubular necrosis, central nervous system damage and cancer. Likewise hydroquinone, is hepatotoxic and carcinogenic. Related research on hazardous ingredients in skin lightening creams has been widely practiced in various countries. The aim of this article is to provide an information review of hazardous skin lightening agents used in the formulation and its testing.

 

Keywords: cosmetics, skin lightening cream, harmful lightening materials


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v16i2.16932

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v16i2.16932.g8801

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