Adverse Drug Events Pengunaan Valproat pada Penelitian Klinis

Angela Aprilia Karyadi, Irma Melyani Puspitasari

Abstrak


Valproat adalah obat antiepilepsi generasi pertama yang banyak digunakan, terutama pada pengobatan epilepsi dan gangguan bipolar. Valproat memiliki spektrum aktivitas yang sangat luas, memiliki efikasi yang baik, dan secara farmakoekonomi efektif karena aman dan murah. Namun, adverse drug events (ADE) telah dilaporkan sehubungan dengan penggunaan asam valproat, baik sebagai monoterapi atau politerapi dengan obat antiepilepsi lain atau obat antipsikotik. Sebanyak 14 artikel yang memuat uji klinis dari berbagai jenis valproat serta turunannya yang meliputi asam valproat, sodium valproat, divalproat, divalproex sodium (asam valproat 1:1 sodium valproat), serta bentuk semi-sodium lainnya dari valproat telah dikumpulkan. Artikel-artikel tersebut memuat valproat sebagai obat uji, obat pembanding, serta ajuvan. Adverse drug events valproat adalah kenaikan berat badan, dehidrasi, disfungsi hati, gangguan pada sistem saraf berupa somnolen dan rasa kantuk, gangguan latensi P300 dan P100, tremor, akathisia, gangguan gastrointestinal, trombositopenia, gangguan menstuasi, gangguan saluran pernapasan, serta gangguan kulit berupa kerontokan rambut dan alopecia. Gangguan metabolik berupa kenaikan berat badan adalah ADE yang paling sering ditemukan dalam pemakaian valproat.


Kata Kunci


Valproat; ADE; epilepsi; gangguan bipolar

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v19i2.32814

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v19i2.32814.g16433

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