Email Artikel ini REVIEW ARTIKEL CELLULOSE NANOFIBER : ISOLASI, KARAKTERISASI, DAN APLIKASI DI BIDANG FARMASI
Abstrak
Banyak sediaan farmasi yang menggunakan kemasan berbahan dasar plastik yang bisa berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, banyak peneliti yang mencari alternatif lain sebagai pengganti plastik atau lebih dikenal sebagai bioplastik. Salah satu bahan baku bioplastik yang banyak di kembangkan saat ini yaitu cellulose nanofibril (CNF). Isolasi CNF terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu tahap pretreatment dan tahap produksi. Tahap pretreatment memiliki beberapa jenis metode diantaranya pembuatan pulp, oksidasi TEMPO, hidrolisis enzim, hidrolisis asam, dan bleaching. Beberapa jenis metode dalam tahap produksi yaitu, homogenisasi, mikrofluidisasi, penggilingan ultra-fine friction, ekstruksi, ultrasonifikasi, dan cryocrushing. Karakterisasi terpenting dari CNF yang dihasilkan yaitu morfologi, derajat fibrilasi, dan sifat reologi. Di bidang farmasi, CNF juga telah digunakan sebagai bahan kemasan dan modifikasi pelepasan serta penghantaran obat dari formulasi tablet dan kapsul.
Kata Kunci: Selulosa nanofiber, Isolasi, Karakterisasi, Aplikasi di bidang farmasi.
Abstract
Many pharmaceutical preparations use plastic-based packaging which can be bad for the environment. Therefore, many researchers are looking for other alternatives as plastic substitutes or better known as bioplastics. One of the most current and widely developed bioplastic raw materials is cellulose nanofibrils (CNF). CNF isolation consists of two stages, the pretreatment stage and the production stage. The pretreatment stage has several types of methods including pulp making, TEMPO oxidation, enzyme hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis, and bleaching. Several types of methods are in the production stage, namely, homogenization, microfluidization, ultra-fine friction milling, extruction, ultrasonification, and cryocrushing. The most important characterizations of the resulting CNF were morphology, degree of fibrillation, and rheological properties. In the pharmaceutical field, CNF has also been used as a packaging material and modification of drug release and delivery from tablet and capsule formulations.
Keywords: Cellulosa nanofiber, Isolation, Characterization, Application in pharmacy.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v19i3.33639
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v19i3.33639.g16529
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