Email Artikel ini REVIEW ARTIKEL: APLIKASI NANOPARTIKEL PADA FORMULASI SEDIAAN INSULIN ORAL
Abstrak
Perkembangan nanopartikel dalam bidang farmasetika semakin meluas dengan berbagai penelitian yang memformulasikan nanopartikel sebagai sistem penghantaran obat. Salah satunya yaitu sediaan insulin oral. Insulin merupakan hormon yang berperan penting dalam terapi diabetes melitus. Secara umum, insulin yang digunakan diberikan secara subkutan menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan bagi pasien dan berbagai efek samping. Berbagai penelitian kemudian mengembangkan sediaan insulin oral sebagai solusi dari permasalahan tersebut. Namun, pada praktiknya penghantaran insulin secara oral terhambat dengan karakter insulin yang mudah terdegradasi dan rusak di saluran gastrointestinal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian lainnya menemukan solusi lain dengan menggunakan nanocarrier sebagai pembawa insulin. Secara keseluruhan, studi menunjukkan formula nanocarrier insulin oral menghasilkan sediaan yang stabil, mampu melindungi insulin dari berbagai barrier saluran gastrointestinal, dan berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus diabetes. Beberapa nanocarrier yang memenuhi kriteria karakterisasi nanopartikel yang baik untuk sistem penghantaran insulin oral yaitu pada nanocarrier berbasis PLGA-lipid-PEG, TMC-PLGA, Kitosan-PLGA, Kitosan-PSS-PGA, dan CMCD-g-Kitosan.
ABSTRACT
Insulin is a hormone that plays an important role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Generally, the used of insulin therapy is given subcutaneously, causing discomfort or inconveniences to the patient and various other side effects Various studies have developed oral insulin preparations as a solution to this problem. However practically, oral insulin administration is hampered by the character of insulin which is easily degraded in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, another study found another solution by applying a nano-carrier system as an insulin carrier. This review article aims to discuss the formulation of insulin preparations with nano-carrier systems. The data sources used as references in this article review consist of 25 international journals. From the review of this article, it was found that the nano-carrier system has good potential to be further developed as an oral insulin delivery system. Several oral insulin formulations with good nanoparticle characteristics are nano-carrier systems based on PLGA-lipid-PEG, TMC-PLGA, Ch-PLGA, Ch-PSS-PGA, CMCD-g-Ch, TMC-β-cyclodextrin, and Ch-TGA-based SNEDDS.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v20i1.33717
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v20i1.33717.g17347
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