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Sistem Penghantaran Obat Limfatik: Peningkatan Bioavailabilitas Obat dengan Nanopartikel
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Sistem limfatik saat ini telah banyak digunakan sebagai jalur penghantaran obat terutama pada terapi antikanker, antivirus, dan imunologi. Jalur ini juga telah terbukti memiliki keunggulan yang dapat memberikan efek terapi yang lebih baik. Akan tetapi, sediaan farmasi untuk obat-obatan bertarget di limfatik kini termasuk pada Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) kategori II, yaitu sediaan dengan kelarutan yang rendah dan permeabilitas yang baik. Hal ini akan berdampak pada bioavailabilitas dan efektivitas suatu sediaan untuk mencapai efek terapeutiknya. Masalah ini dapat diatasi dengan formulasi nanopartikel. Artikel ini akan membahas upaya peningkatan bioavailabilitas suatu sediaan dengan nanopartikel. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur jurnal internasional yang dipublikasikan pada Pubmed dan Scopus dengan batas waktu 10 tahun terakhir. Berdasarkan hasil beberapa penelitian terkait, nanopartikel seperti liposom, solid lipid nanoparticle, SMEDDS, dan beberapa nanopartikel lainnya telah teruji dapat meningkatkan bioavailabilitas sediaan farmasi yang bertarget pada sistem limfatik dan dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut agar memberikan hasil yang lebih maksimal.
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