PENINGKATAN PERILAKU KOMUNIKASI KESPRO IBU KEPADA REMAJA MELALUI EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING: STUDI DI KELURAHAN PONDOK CINA, DEPOK
Abstrak
Data dari Global School-based Student Health Survei (GSHS) tahun 2023 menunjukkan peningkatan tren perilaku seks pranikah pada remaja. Depok, sebagai kota yang mendapat penghargaan Kota Layak Anak, juga masih menghadapi masalah perilaku berisiko remaja terkait perilaku seks pranikah. Pengetahuan yang memadai tentang kesehatan reproduksi dan seksual (kespro) berperan sebagai faktor protektif yang menjauhkan remaja dari seks pranikah. Ibu memegang peran krusial sebagai agen sosialisasi utama dalam keluarga. Namun, para ibu sering kali mengalami hambatan dalam menyampaikan informasi seputar kespro kepada anak remajanya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh pelatihan dengan model experiential learning terhadap peningkatan kapasitas ibu sebagai agen sosialisasi yang mencakup: pengetahuan kespro, kemampuan komunikasi efektif, dan perilaku komunikasi kespro dengan anak remaja awal (10–15 tahun). Dengan menggunakan desain eksperimen lapangan one-group pretest-posttest, penelitian ini melibatkan tiga sesi pelatihan tatap muka dan penugasan praktik di rumah. Hasilnya, pelatihan dengan model pembelajaran berbasis pengalaman (experiential learning) terbukti secara signifikan (p<0.05) berhasil meningkatkan perilaku komunikasi kespro ibu kepada anak remaja, baik secara intensitas maupun variasi topik kespro. Meski demikian, intervensi ini tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan pada peningkatan pengetahuan kespro dan perilaku komunikasi efektif subjek. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan bahwa ibu tetap dapat menjalankankan perannya dalam edukasi kespro kepada remaja, meskipun belum memiliki pengetahuan kespro atau keterampilan komunikasi efektif yang memadai.
Data from the 2023 Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) show an increase in the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors among adolescents. Depok, despite its repeated recognition as a Child-Friendly City, continues to face challenges regarding adolescents’ premarital sexual activity. Adequate knowledge of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) serves as a protective factor in deterring adolescents from engaging in such behavior. In this context, mothers play a pivotal role as the primary socialization agents within the family. However, mothers often encounter barriers when communicating SRH information to their children. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the impact of experiential learning-based training on enhancing the capacity of mothers as socialization agents, specifically regarding their SRH knowledge, effective communication skills, and SRH communication behavior with young adolescents (aged 10 – 15 years). Using a one-group pretest-posttest field experiment design, the intervention consisted of three in-person training sessions and take-home practical assignments. The results demonstrate that the experiential learning model significantly improved (p<0.05) mothers’ SRH communication behavior with their adolescents children, both intensity and variety of SRH topics discussed. Nevertheless, the intervention did not show a significant effect on improving mothers’ SRH knowledge or their effective communication skills. These findings imply that mothers can still fulfill their role in adolescent SRH education, even in the absence of comprehensive SRH knowledge or effective communication skills.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/focus.v8i2.66525
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