Potensi Tumbuhan Genus Phyllanthus sebagai Imunomodulator dan Antiinflamasi

Dewi Ria Oktarina, Yasmiwar Susilawati, Eli Halimah

Abstrak


Sistem kekebalan adalah sistem pertahanan tubuh, yang bertujuan untuk mengenali dan merespons dari berbagai macam patogen atau cedera untuk melindungi tubuh. Sistem imun dapat mengalami ketidakseimbangan yang berdampak pada inflamasi yang tidak terkontrol dan menyebabkan berbagai penyakit. Dalam mengatasinya diperlukan imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi. Tumbuhan yang memiliki efek imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi yaitu tumbuhan meniran (genus Phyllanthus). Diketahui tumbuhan yang masih satu genus dengan meniran yang memiliki kemiripan kandungan kimia. Kesamaan kandungan kimia dari masing-masing tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus berkemungkinan memiliki efek dan potensi aktivitas yang sama. Tujuan dari artikel review ini adalah untuk menelusuri potensi aktivitas imunomodulator dan antiinflamasi tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus. Pencarian sumber dilakukan secara elektronik melalui situs PubMed. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran didapatkan 43 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria penulisan. Senyawa tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus seperti: filtetralin, filantin, etil 8-hidroksi-8-metil-tridekanoat, 1,7,8-trihidroksi-2-naftaldehida, corilagin, geranin, tanin, kuersetin, rutin, dan asam galat berpotensi sebagai imunomodulator dengan cara mengatur respon imun humoral dan respon imun seluler. Senyawa tumbuhan genus Phyllanthus seperti: asam galat, filantin, hipofilantin, fisetin, katekin, corilagin, geranin, urolitin A, dan englerin A, telah terbukti berpotensi sebagai  antiinflamasi dengan cara mengatur regulasi sitokin, enzim, dan protein inflamasi, serta menargetkan jalur persinyalan inflamasi.


Kata Kunci


antiinflamasi, imunomodulator, Phyllanthus

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijbp.v1i2.37027

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/ijbp.v1i2.37027.g16944

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