Analisis Minimalisasi Biaya Antibiotik Pasien Sepsis Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Kota Bandung

Abstract

Terapi antibiotik empirik merupakan salah satu komponen penunjang keberhasilan terapi sepsis, khususnya sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan. Ketidaktepatan pemilihan terapi antibiotik empirik akan menimbulkan dampak buruk berupa munculnya resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik, perawatan pasien menjadi lebih lama, kematian, biaya pengobatan menjadi lebih mahal dan bagi rumah sakit akan menurunkan kualitas pelayanan rumah sakit bersangkutan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelompok kombinasi antibiotik empirik yang paling efisien secara biaya yang digunakan pada pasien sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan yang dirawat di salah satu rumah sakit di Kota Bandung periode tahun 2010–2012. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional analisis dengan pengumpulan data secara retrospektif. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien rawat inap sepsis sumber infeksi pernapasan dan mendapat terapi antibiotik empirik seftazidim-levofloksasin atau sefotaksim-eritromisin. Komponen biaya yang dikumpulkan meliputi biaya antibiotik empirik, biaya tindakan, biaya penunjang, biaya rawat inap, dan biaya administrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total biaya perawatan kombinasi antibiotik seftazidim-levofloksasin sebesar Rp 12.751.082,49 dan kombinasi sefotaksim-eritromisin sebesar Rp 21.641.678,02. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi antibiotik seftazidim-levofloksasin lebih efisien dibanding kombinasi sefotaksim-eritromisin.

Kata kunci: Antibiotik empirik, infeksi pernapasan, minimalisasi biaya, farmakoekonomi, sepsis

Cost Minimization Analysis of Antibiotic Used by Sepsis Patients at a Hospital in Bandung

Empirical therapy is one of the important supporting therapies for successful sepsis management including, sepsis with respiratory infection. Inappropiate empirical antibiotic therapy leads to resistance of antibiotics which results increases length of stay, mortality and subsequently higher the cost of healthcare and decreases the quality of hospital’s service. This study’s objective was to determine which the antibiotic combination group used for the treatment of sepsis with respiratory infection is the most efficient in cost minimization at a hospital in Bandung. Observational analitycal study is conducted by retrospective data. Data were collected from medical record of inpatients sepsis with respiratory infection who received empirical antibiotic therapy of ceftazidime-levofloxacin or cefotaxime-erythromycin. Direct medical cost were calculated from empirical antibiotic costs, costs of medical treatment, medical expenses, hospitalization costs, and administrative costs. The results showed that total cost of the combination of ceftazidime-levofloxacin is 12,751,082,49 IDR and cefotaxime-erythromycin is 21,641,678,02 IDR. It can be conclude that the combination of ceftazidime-levofloxacin is more efficient
than cefotaxime-erythromycin.

Key words: Empirical antibiotics, respiratory infection, cost minimization, pharmacoeconomy, sepsis