Deteksi Gen Resistensi Ampisilin (bla) pada Escherichia coli Isolat Klinik dengan Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction

Tiana Milanda, Bonar C. Saragih, Sri A. F. Kusuma

Abstract


Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri batang Gram negatif yang dapat menjadi patogen jika jumlahnya meningkat atau berada di luar saluran pencernaan. E. coli yang patogen akan menghasilkan enterotoksin yang menyebabkan diare atau infeksi pada saluran kemih. Ampisilin merupakan salah satu antibiotik pilihan untuk mengatasi penyakit infeksi tersebut. Akhir-akhir ini ampisilin tidak lagi digunakan sebagai obat pilihan karena banyaknya kasus resistensi E. coli terhadap antibiotik tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mendeteksi keberadaan gen yang bertanggung jawab terhadap resistensi antibiotik ampisilin pada E. coli isolat klinik. Sampel yang digunakan adalah hasil isolasi urin midstream pasien dengan gejala sistitis di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung. Uji resistensi antibiotik menggunakan metode Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), baik PCR-koloni maupun PCR-DNA. Berdasarkan hasil uji resistensi terhadap ampisilin, E. coli hasil isolasi telah resisten terhadap ampisilin. Elektroforesis hasil PCR-koloni dan PCR-DNA menunjukkan bahwa resistensi terhadap ampisilin disebabkan oleh gen bla berukuran 199 pb. Diperlukan pemilihan antibiotik yang selektif dan rasional untuk mencegah resistensi ampisilin pada pasien dengan gejala sistitis.

Kata kunci: bla, Escherichia coli, gen resistensi ampisilin, polymerase chain reaction

Detection of Ampicillin Resistance Genes (bla) in Clinical Isolates of
Escherichia coli with Polymerase Chain Reaction Method

Escherichia coli is a rod negative Gram which could be pathogenic, if its value increases or located in outer gastrointestinal tract. Pathogenic E. coli will produce enterotoxin which will cause diarrhea or infection in urine tract. Ampicilin was one of particular antibiotics to overcome infection. Ampicilin
nowadays is no longer used as first choice medicine, because of its resistance case. The aim of this research was to detect the presence of gene which is responsible to ampicilin resistant E. coli. We used isolated midstream urine from cystitis object in Hasan Sadikin Hospital as samples. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method (colony-PCR and DNA-PCR) were performed to invenstigate the antibiotic resistency. Based on the result of antibiotic susceptibility testing to ampicillin, E. coli samples were resistant to ampicilin. Electropherogram products of colony-PCR and DNA-PCR showed that the resistance case of ampicilin caused by bla gene (199 bp). Our result suggested that bla gene may be use to detect the ampicilin resistance. Furthermore, selective and rational antibiotic treatment is required to
prevent ampicillin resistance in patients with symptoms of cystitis.

Key words: Ampicillin resistance gene, bla, Escherichia coli, polymerase chain reaction


Keywords


bla, Escherichia coli, gen resistensi ampisilin, polymerase chain reaction



DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2014.3.3.98

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