Sterilitas Instrumen Pakai Ulang di Ruang Penyimpanan Unit Luka Bakar (ULB) Salah Satu Rumah Sakit di Kota Bandung

Abstract

apabila sterilitasnya tidak terjaga. Proses penyimpanan dan perlakuan terhadap instrumen pakai ulang adalah faktor utama dalam menjaga sterilitas instrumen. Prevalensi infeksi nosokomial di ruang unit luka bakar (ULB) salah satu rumah sakit di Kota Bandung ternyata cukup tinggi sehingga dilakukan penelitian mengenai sterilitas instrumen pakai ulang yang disimpan di ruangan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dapat menekan angka kejadian infeksi nosokomial, yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh tidak sterilnya instrumen pakai ulang yang digunakan di ruang penyimpanan ULB yang akhirnya dapat menjamin keamanan atau keselamatan pasien. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional laboratorik dengan tahapan yaitu penyiapan alat, bahan dan ruangan, pengujian sampel penelitian, dan analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ruang penyimpanan ULB berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap sterilitas instrumen pakai ulang, ruang CSSD 15,47 kali lebih steril dibanding ruang ULB. Adapun pengaruh lama penyimpanan terhadap sterilitas instrumen pakai ulang diketahui bahwa semakin lama waktu penyimpanan maka sterilitas instrumen semakin berkurang. Pihak rumah sakit diharapkan melakukan penyimpanan dan penggunaan instrumen di ULB tidak lebih dari tujuh hari sebagai usaha dalam mengurangi kejadian infeksi nosokomial di rumah sakit.

Kata kunci: Infeksi nosokomial, instrumen pakai ulang, uji sterilitas, unit luka bakar (ULB)

The Reusable Instrument Sterilities Stored in the Burn Care Unit at a Hospital in Bandung

Reusable instruments may be a vector for the transmission of nosocomial infections if found contaminated or the sterility are not maintained. The process of storage and treatment towards the reusable instruments are the crucial factors to ensure the sterility of the reusable instruments. The prevalence of nosocomial in the Burns Unit (BU) at a Hospital in Bandung reveals outstanding values and thus has been chosen for this research. This research aimed to suppress the incidence of nosocomial infections, one of which is caused by not sterile of reusable instruments in the storage space BU which can get patient safety ultimately. The laboratory observational was used for this research with steps are preparing tools, materials and test room, sample test, and data analysis. The results found that the storage area in BU had a significant effect on the sterility of the instruments and it was deduced that the CSSD was 15.47 times more sterile than Burns Unit. Time of storage also affected the sterility of the instruments as it was found that the longer the storage time, the possibility of the reusable instruments remaining sterile are decreased. The hospital is expected to keep the instrument in ULB not more than seven days to efforts in reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections in hospitals.

Key words: Burns unit (BU), nosocomial infection, reusable instrument, sterility test