Pengukuran Risiko Gangguan Tidur pada Penggunaan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor dan Calcium Channel Blocker: Case Control Study di Puskesmas Dau, Malang
Abstract
Gangguan tidur atau insomnia yang muncul pada pasien hipertensi dapat disebabkan oleh efek samping obat-obat antara lain golongan Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) dan Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB), namun besarnya pengaruh masing-masing golongan belum banyak diperbandingkan. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan rancangan case control untuk menilai risiko penggunaan ACEI dan CCB terhadap angka kejadian insomnia. Data demografi dan status insomnia dikumpulkan melalui Lembar Pengumpul Data (LPD) dan kuesioner Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), kemudian dilakukan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok usia 56–60 tahun, pasien yang menjalani pengobatan dengan ACEI memiliki risiko insomnia lebih kecil yaitu sekitar 0,38 kali (p=0,026, 95% CI=0,15–0,94) dibandingkan dengan pasien lain yang menggunakan CCB, sedangkan pada kelompok kategorial yang lain tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan. Dengan demikian, pemantauan efek samping insomnia menjadi penting untuk dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan terutama pada pasien yang menjalani pengobatan dengan CCB pada usia 56–60 tahun.
Kata kunci: ACE inhibitor, calcium channel blocker, case control, gangguan tidur
A Measurement of Sleep Disorder in the Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Calcium Channel Blocker: A Case Control Study at Dau Public Health Center, Malang
Abstract
Sleep disorder or insomnia arisen in hypertensive patients might be derived as a side effect of antihypertensive mediations such as Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor (ACEI) and Calcium Channel Blocker (CCB), but the influence of each group had not been much compared. Therefore, a research was conducted using case control design to assess the risk of using ACEI and CCB against the incidence rate of insomnia. Demographic data and insomnia status were collected through Data Collector Sheet and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) questionnaire before univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis was conducted. The result showed that in the age group of 56–60 years patients undergoing treatment with ACEI have a smaller risk of insomnia of approximately 0.38 times (p=0.026, 95% CI=0.15–0.94) compared to the other patients who were treated with CCB, while in other categorial groups, no significant relationship was found. Thus, the monitoring of insomnia side effects becomes important to be conducted by healthcare professional especially in patients undergoing treatment with CCB at the ages of 56–60 years.
Keywords: ACE inhibitor, calcium channel blocker, case control, sleep disorder
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2019.8.3.166
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