Analisis Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Rawat Inap Bedah dengan Menggunakan Defined Daily Dose dan Drug Utilization 90% di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga

Novan Y. I. Pratama, Budi Suprapti, Azril O. Ardhiansyah, Dewi W. Shinta

Abstract


Tingkat kematian akibat resistensi terhitung cukup tinggi dan hal ini disebabkan tingginya angka ketidaktepatan dalam terapi antibiotik. Penelitian Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia (AMRIN) menunjukkan 42% penggunaan antibiotik terindikasi tidak tepat pada pasien bedah. Penggunaan antibiotik secara bijak merupakan solusi atas masalah resistensi antibiotik. World Health Organization (WHO)dan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia merekomendasikan penggunaan metode Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) untuk menilai kuantitas penggunaan antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai DDD dan Drug Utilization (DU) 90% dari antibiotik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif yang dilakukan pada November 2016–April 2017 di Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga dan data dianalisis menggunakan metode DDD dan DU 90%. Sampel diambil dengan cara total sampling. Sebanyak 463 pasien menjadi sampel pada penelitian ini, dengan 381 pasien mendapatkan antibiotik profilaksis dan 82 pasien mendapatkan antibiotik terapi. Sefazolin merupakan antibiotik profilaksis yang memiliki DDD tertinggi yaitu 69,08/100 operasi dengan lama pemberian sebagian besar dihentikan dalam waktu kurang dari 24 jam post-operasi (82,41%). Antibiotik profilaksis yang masuk segmen DU 90% adalah sefazolin dan seftriakson. Antibiotik terapi yang memiliki DDD tertinggi adalah seftriakson dengan 52,62/100 patient-days dan antibiotik yang masuk segmen DU 90% adalah seftriakson, metronidazol, sefazolin dan meropenem.

Kata kunci: Antibiotik, defined daily dose, DU 90%, pasien bedah

 

Analysis of Antibiotic Use in Surgical Inpatients Using Defined Daily Dose and DU 90% at Universitas Airlangga Hospital

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is causing high mortality rates throughout the world and resulted from inappropriate use of antibiotics therapy. Antimicrobial Resistance in Indonesia (AMRIN) study showed that there were 42% of inappropriate antibiotic use in surgical patients. Prudent antibiotics use is one of the solution to resolve this problem. Ministry of Health of Indonesia and World Health Organization (WHO) recommend Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) as quantitative evaluation of antibiotics to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotics use. This study aimed to determine the value of DDD and Drug Utilization (DU) 90% of antibiotics used in surgical patients. This research was conducted using cross-sectional design with retrospective data collection during November 2016–April 2017 at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, and data were analyzed using the DDD method and DU 90%. Sample were collected using total sampling method. A total of 463 patients included as samples in this study, of which 381 patients received prophylactic antibiotic and 82 patients received therapeutic antibiotics. Cefazolin was prophylactic antibiotic with highest DDD of 69.08/100 operations and duration of administration was mostly stopped in less than 24 hours post-operatively (82.41%). Prophylactic antibiotics included in DU 90% segment were cefazoline and ceftriaxone. Therapeutic antibiotic with highest DDD was ceftriaxone with 52.62/100 patient-days. Therapeutic antibiotics included in DU 90% segment were ceftriaxone, metronidazole, cefazolin and meropenem.

Keywords: Antibiotic, defined daily dose, DU90%, surgical inpatients


Keywords


Antibiotik, defined daily dose, DU 90%, pasien bedah

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2019.8.4.256

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