Analysis of Antiemetic Premedication Administration Timing on Nausea and Vomiting Incidence among Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Abstract
The risk factors affecting chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) includes antiemetic premedication time pattern, and this study investigates the capability of enhancing this in breast cancer patients receiving high emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). Furthermore, this observational research was implemented at the oncology unit of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya over a three-month period involving 69 female patients. The results showed unspecific antiemetic premedication timing in comparison to those with recommended timeframes, was connected with greater occurrence of both acute nausea in all cycles of chemotherapy (p<0.05), and acute vomiting in second and third cycles (p<0.05) but not in the first cycle (p=0.49). However, specific time administration of antiemetic treatment was linked with lower incidence of delayed nausea in all cycles (p<0.05), and less delayed vomiting in second and third cycles (p<0.05) but not in first cycle (p=0.10). These findings indicate specific time administration of antiemetic drugs causes significant advantages in mitigating CINV among breast cancer patients treated with emetogenic chemotherapy, and significantly lessened the occurrence of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting.
Keywords: Antiemetic premedication timing, breast cancer, CINV, nausea and vomiting
Analisis Waktu Pemberian Premedikasi Antiemetik terhadap Kejadian Mual Muntah pada Pasien Kanker Payudara yang Mendapatkan Kemoterapi
Abstrak
Kemoterapi dapat menginduksi mual muntah (chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, CINV) yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Salah satu faktornya adalah waktu pemberian premedikasi antiemetik yang dapat meningkatkan kejadian CINV pada pasien kanker payudara yang menerima kemoterapi. Studi ini menganalisis waktu pemberian premedikasi antiemetik terhadap kejadian mual dan muntah yang terjadi pada pasien kanker payudara yang mendapatkan kemoterapi dengan tingkat emetogenik yang tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional prospektif dilakukan di Poli Onkologi Satu Atap RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya selama periode pengambilan data tiga bulan dan melibatkan 69 wanita kanker payudara yang mendapat kemoterapi dengan tingkat emetogenik yang tinggi. Pemberian premedikasi antiemetik dengan waktu yang tidak spesifik, meningkatkan kejadian mual akut pada semua siklus dengan p<0,05 dan pada kejadian muntah akut pada siklus kedua dan ketiga (p<0,05), namun tidak pada siklus pertama kemoterapi (p=0,49). Pemberian premedikasi antiemetik dengan waktu spesifik dapat menurunkan kejadian mual tertunda di siklus pertama hingga ketiga (p<0,05) dan pada kejadian muntah tertunda pada siklus kedua dan ketiga (p<0,05), namun tidak pada siklus pertama (p=0,10). Penelitian ini memberikan bukti bahwa premedikasi antiemetik yang diberikan dengan waktu spesifik memberikan manfaat dalam mengurangi kejadian CINV yang berpotensi pada pasien kanker payudara yang mendapatkan kemoterapi dengan tingkat emetogenik tinggi.
Kata kunci: CINV, kanker payudara, mual dan muntah, waktu pemberian premedikasi antiemetik
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2020.9.4.298
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