Pengaruh Faktor Usia, Polifarmasi, dan Komorbiditas terhadap Drug-Related Problems pada Pasien Diabates Melitus Tipe 2
Abstract
Diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2 merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis dengan prevalensi yang terus meningkat secara global. International Diabetes Federation (IDF) melaporkan bahwa lebih dari satu dari sepuluh individu dewasa di seluruh dunia menderita DM. Penyakit ini tidak hanya memberikan beban morbititas dan mortalitas tinggi, tetapi juga berkontribusi terhadap timbulnya berbagai kondisi penyerta (komorbiditas) yang kompleks. Kombinasi antara usia lanjut, polifarmasi, dan komorbiditas tersebut meningkatkan risiko terjadinya masalah terkait obat (drug-related problems/DRPs) pada pasien DM tipe 2, yang pada akhirnya dapat memengaruhi efektivitas pengobatan dan kualitas hidup pasien. Tujuan artikel review ini adalah mengidentifikasi pengaruh usia, polifarmasi, dan komorbiditas terhadap DRPs pada pasien DM tipe 2 baik di pelayanan rawat inap maupun rawat jalan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode review dengan mengacu pada artikel-artikel yang diterbitkan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir. Strategi pencarian artikel menggunakan data berbasis elektronik yaitu PubMed, Medline, dan Scopus. Hasil penelusuran artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi diperoleh sebanyak 6 artikel. Artikel yang terpilih menunjukkan bahwa faktor usia, polifarmasi, dan komorbiditas memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kejadian DRPs pada pasien dewasa dengan DM tipe 2 di layanan kesehatan sehingg diperlukan manajemen pengobatan yang cermat dan pemantauan yang ketat oleh tenaga kesehatan terutama apoteker untuk mengidentifikasi, mencegah, dan menyelesaian DRPs secara dini, untuk mencapai perbaikan dalam kualitas hidup pasien.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2023.12.3.61902
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