Hubungan Kepatuhan Terapi terhadap Risiko Memulai Dialisis dan Kualitas Hidup pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronis Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit
Abstract
Penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) merupakan kondisi progresif yang menyebabkan penurunan fungsi ginjal secara permanen serta berdampak pada kualitas hidup dan peningkatan risiko memulai dialisis. Prevalensi PGK di Indonesia tercatat sebesar 0,38% berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018 dan diperkirakan masih lebih rendah dari kejadian sebenarnya. Ketidakpatuhan terhadap terapi dapat memperburuk kondisi klinis dan mempercepat progresivitas penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kepatuhan terapi terhadap risiko memulai dialisis dan kualitas hidup pasien PGK rawat inap di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional dengan potong lintang prospektif. Subjek penelitian diambil pada periode Oktober–Desember 2025 sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Data diperoleh dari karakteristik pasien dan penggunaan obat berdasarkan rekam medik elektronik. Kepatuhan terapi diukur menggunakan Medication Adherence Report Scale-5 (MARS-5), kualitas hidup menggunakan Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36), sementara risiko memulai dialisis ditentukan berdasarkan rekam medis. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 70 pasien. Sebanyak 38 pasien (54,3%) tergolong patuh terhadap terapi, sedangkan 36 pasien (51,4%) menjalani hemodialisis selama perawatan. Kualitas hidup yang baik ditemukan pada 59 pasien (84,3%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan terapi dengan kualitas hidup (p<0,001), namun tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepatuhan terapi dengan risiko memulai dialisis (p=0,278). Kepatuhan terapi berhubungan signifikan dengan kualitas hidup, tetapi tidak berhubungan dengan risiko memulai dialisis pada pasien PGK rawat inap. Oleh karena itu, kepatuhan terapi dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu faktor yang berkaitan dengan kualitas hidup pasien.
Kata kunci: kepatuhan terapi, kualitas hidup, penyakit ginjal kronis, risiko memulai dialisis
The Relationship between Therapy Adherence and the Risk of Starting Dialysis and Quality of Life in Hospitalized Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterized by irreversible deterioration of kidney function, leading to impaired quality of life and an increased risk of initiating dialysis. According to the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), the prevalence of CKD in Indonesia was 0.38%, although the actual prevalence is likely higher. Poor medication adherence may worsen clinical outcomes and accelerate disease progression. This study aimed to analyze the association between medication adherence, the risk of initiating dialysis, and quality of life among hospitalized patients with CKD at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital, Yogyakarta City. A prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted among eligible patients recruited between October and December 2025. Patient characteristics and medication data were obtained from electronic medical records. Medication adherence was assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale-5 (MARS-5), quality of life was measured using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36), and the risk of initiating dialysis was determined based on medical records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests. A total of 70 patients were included in the study. Of these, 38 patients (54.3%) were adherent to therapy, while 36 patients (51.4%) underwent hemodialysis during hospitalization. Good quality of life was reported in 59 patients (84.3%). Medication adherence was significantly associated with quality of life (p<0.001), but not with the risk of initiating dialysis (p=0.278). Medication adherence was significantly associated with quality of life but not with the risk of initiating dialysis among hospitalized patients with CKD. Therefore, medication adherence may be considered an important factor associated with patients’ quality of life.
Keywords: chronic kidney disease, risk of starting dialysis, therapy adherence, quality of life
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2026.v15i2.69628
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