Formulation And Effectiveness Test of Tansdermal Patch of Ethanol Extract of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var Amarum) As Antiemetic

Arini Syarifah; Shintia L. Charisma; Nabila Nabila; Inas Kanina

doi:10.24198/ijpst.v10i2.36518

Formulation And Effectiveness Test of Tansdermal Patch of Ethanol Extract of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc. Var Amarum) As Antiemetic

Arini Syarifah, Shintia L. Charisma, Nabila Nabila, Inas Kanina

Abstrak

Shogaol and gingerol, compounds in ginger, can act as antiemetic. Ginger extract was formulated
by patch transdermal to increase the effectiveness of therapy and to minimize the side effects. In
this study, maceration with ethanol 96% was used as extraction method and phytochemical screening
was carried out to the extract to identfy the exctracted compounds. The formulation of transdermal
patch used matrix method with ginger extract concentrations of 0,5 gr (F1), 1 gr (F2), and 1,5 gr (F3).
Evaluation of patch was carried out by organoleptic test, patch weight, thickness, tensile strength,
elongation at break, modulus young, moisturizer test, and folding endurance. Effectiveness test used
wistar mice by observed the pica response and a decreasing in kaolin consumption. The yield of the
extract obtained was 6,46% and it contained essential oils, flavonoids, steroids, and polyphenols. The
best patch characteristics of the concentration was F3 with a patch weight of 0,39 gr, thickness 0,23
mm, tensile strength 1,32 N/mm2, elongation at break 129,52%, young's modulus 0,96 mPa, humidity
1,32%, and folding endurance >200 times. F3 was also the most effective formulation with 6%
response of pica and 93,11% of decreasing in kaolin consumption observed in day 9. In conclusion, F3
can reduce nausea and vomiting.

Kata Kunci

ginger, patch transdermal, antiemetic.

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi

Lee N, M, Saha S. Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2011. 40 (2): 309–vii.

Sharkey, KA, MacNaughton, WK. Gastrointestinal motility and water flux, emesis, and biliary and pancreatic disease. In: Brunton LL, Hilal-Dandon R, Knollmann BC, eds. Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 13th ed. McGraw Hill Education; 2018. 936-937.

McDonagh M, Peterson K, Thakurta S. (2010). Consideration of Evidence on Antiemetic Drugs for Nausea and Vomitting Associated with Chemotherapy or Radiation Theraphy in Adults. Oregon. Department of Health Human Service USA.

Kumar, Ritesh, Philip A. Modified Transdermal Technologies: Breaking the Barriers of Drug Permeation via the Skin. 2007. Trop J Pharm Res.;6(1), 633–44.

Lete, Inaki., Jose, Allue. The Effectiveness of Ginger in the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting during pregnancy and chemotherapy. Integr Med Insight, 2016. 11: 11-17

Sontakke S, Thawani V, Naik M. Ginger as antiemetic in nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy: randomized, cross-over, double blind study Indian.2003. Pharmacol. 35:32–6.

Allen L, Ansel H C. Ansel's Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems. 2013. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Gaikwad, K. A. Transdermal Drug Delivery System: Formulation Aspects and Evaluation. J. Pharm. Sci.2013. 1(1):1-10.

Elshahawy. Ibrahim., Mahmoud A. Aly. Some Studies on Deviated Appetite (Pica) in Cattle.Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Science. 2016. 51 (1):97-101

Andriyani, Rina, Thelma A Budiati,, Sri Pudjiastuti. Effect of Extraction Method on Total Flavonoid, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Anti- bacterial Activity of Zingiber officinale Rhizome. 2015. Procedia Chemistry 16, 149-154.

Trivedi, Dharsan G, Hiren J. Patel, Anand K. Bhandari, Dushyant A. Shah. Preparation and Evaluation of Trannsdermal Patch of Desloratadine. International Journal of Biomedical Reseach. 2011.2 (6) 359-373

P. K. Suryadevara.Formulation and evaluation of antiemetic patch comprising ondansetron hydrochloride [M.S. thesis], 2010. KLE University, Belgaum, India.

Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (1986). Sediaan Galenik. Jakarta: Depkes RI. Hal.6-7.

Farnsworth, N.R. Biological and phytochemical screening of plants. Journal of Pharmaceitical Sciences . 1966. 55(3) : 225-276

Ciulei, J. 1984. Metodology for Analysis of Vegetable and Drugs. Bucharest Rumania: Faculty of Pharmacy.

Nofita, R., Sahlan, E., Pembuatan Film Balutan Primer untuk Luka Bakar yang Mengandung Kolagen Kulit Ikan Gabus (Channa striata). Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi. 2017. Vol. 19.

Nakajima, Sadahiko. Running-based pica and taste avoidance in rats. Learn Behav. 2018. 46 (2):182–197

Ahmed, Salman., Hasan, Muhammad Mohtasheemu., Ahmed, Syed Waseemuddin., Mahmood, Zafar Alam.,Azhar,Iqbal., Habtemariamet, Solomon., Anti-emetic effects of bioactive natural products. Phytopharmacology. 2013. 4(2):390-433

Syafitri, Dina Mulyana, Jutti L, Mutakin M, Ajeng D. A Review : Is Ginger (Zingiber officinale var Roscoe) Potential for Future Phytomedicine?. 2018. IJAS, 8 (1):1-6

Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2011. Suplemen II Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Jakarta : Departemen Kesehatan RI.

Robinson, T. 1991. Kandungan Organik Tumbuhan Tingkat Tinggi. Bandung: Penerbit ITB.

Harborne, J. B. 1987. Metode Fitokimia: Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan, Terbitan Kedua: Penerbit ITB. Bandug. Hal. 239.

Mao, Q., Xu, X., Cao, S., Gan, R., Corke, H., Beta, T., Li, H. Bioactive compounds and bioactivities of ginger (Zingiber offocinale Roscoe). Foods. 2019. 8(6) : 185.

Aggarwal G, dan Dhawan S. Development, fabrication and evaluation of transdermal drug delivery system. 2009. Pharmaceutical Reviews 7(5)

Arunachalam, A., Karthikeyan, M., Kumar, D., Prathap, M., Sethuraman, S. dan Ashutoshkumar, S.Transdermal drug delivery system: a review, International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Research. 2010. 1(1), 70-81.

Amjad, M, Estheshamuddin, M., Hanifa, S.C, Sabreesh, M., Asia, R., dan Kumar, G.S. Formulation and Evaluation Transdermal Patches of Atenolol. International Journal for Pharmaceutical and Allied Research. 2011. 1 (2), 109-119

Kumar S, Saxena K, Singh UN, Saxena R. Anti-inflammatory Action of Ginger: A Critical Review in Anemia of Inflammation and Its Future Aspect. International Journal of Herbal Medicine. 2011. 1 (4), 16- 20.

Setiani, W., T. Sudiarti, L. Rahmidar. Preparation and characteristics of edible films from polyblend of sukun-chitosan starch. 2013. Valensi, 3(2): 100-109.

Saleem, Mohd Nauman., Mohammad, Idris. Formulation Desin and Development of a Unani Transdermal Patch for Antiemetic Therapy and Its Pharmaceulical Evaluation. Scientifica (Cairo). 2016 :1-5

Ariumi, H., Saito, R.,Nago, S.,Hyakusoku,M., Takano,Y., Kamiya, H., The role of tachykinin NK-1 receptors in the area postrema of ferrets in emesis. Neurosci Lett. 2000. 286(2):123-129.

Takeda,Noriaki., Satoshi Hasegawa., Masahiro, morita., Tpru matsunaga. Pica in Rats is Analogous to Emesis: An Animal Model in Emesis Research. Pharmacology biochemstry and behavior.1993. 45 (4) : 817-821

Haniadka,Antappa., Rajeev,Govindaraju., Palatty, Princy L., Arora,Rajesh., Baliga,Manjeshwar S., Zingiber officinale (Ginger) as an Anti-Emetic in Cancer Chemotherapy: A review, The journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 2012. 18(5) , 440–444

Kumar, Sairam., Anandbabu, Karpagavalli., Maheswaran., Narayanan. Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patches of Salbutamol. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences.2011. 3(3),1132-1139.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v10i2.36518