Formulation of Microemulsion Gel Pogostemon cablin Benth. And Anti-Acne Activity Against Propionibacterium acnes

Junvidya Heroweti

doi:10.24198/ijpst.v12i3.60143

Formulation of Microemulsion Gel Pogostemon cablin Benth. And Anti-Acne Activity Against Propionibacterium acnes

Junvidya Heroweti

Abstrak

Abstract

Propionibacterium acnes contributes a significant role in the development of acne. Patchouli alcohol, an antibacterial compound found in patchouli oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth.), has demonstrated effectiveness against this bacterium. This research assesses the anti-acne efficacy of patchouli oil nanoemulsion gel, which has been formulated using three distinct gel bases: HPMC (F1), Na CMC (F2), and Carbopol 940 (F3). The nanoemulsion gels underwent characterisation for various physical properties, such as colour, aroma, texture, pH, adhesion, spreadability, viscosity, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. All formulations were milky white, displayed a distinctive patchouli aroma, and were homogeneous. F1 exhibited a slight viscosity, whereas F2 and F3 demonstrated greater viscosity.

The results demonstrated notable differences among the three formulations in relation to the positive control. Formulation 3 (Carbopol 940 base) yielded the most advantageous results. The results of the physical characterisation were as follows: pH 6.10 ± 0.02, adhesion and spreadability measured at 6.10 ± 0.09 and 15.44 ± 1.30, viscosity recorded at 310 ± 0.1, a polydispersity index of 0.32 ± 1.03 mV, and a zeta potential of -44.85 mV.
The patchouli oil nanoemulgel containing Carbopol 940 exhibited the lowest mean percentage of erythema diameter inhibition. The irritation test revealed a minimal irritation level, with a primary irritation index of 0.1 ± 0.5. Additionally, the preference test indicated that Formulation 3 attained a preference percentage of 77.6%.

Key words: bacteria, acne, essential oils, topical

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Reference

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v12i3.60143