Antibacterial Activity of Psidium guajava L. Leaf Extract in Herbal Acne Patch: Formulation and Evaluation

Hanina Liddini Hanifa; Sitti Fatimah; Siti Hindun; Nurul Aulia Sari

doi:10.24198/ijpst.v12i3.60518

Antibacterial Activity of Psidium guajava L. Leaf Extract in Herbal Acne Patch: Formulation and Evaluation

Hanina Liddini Hanifa, Sitti Fatimah, Siti Hindun, Nurul Aulia Sari

Abstrak

Acne vulgaris is the most prevalent chronic skin condition, often caused by Propionibacterium acnes. Growing concerns over antibiotic resistance and side effects of synthetic treatments have increased interest in herbal alternatives. Psidium guajava L. leaves possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making them a promising candidate for an herbal acne patch (HAP) formulation. This study aimed to optimize an HAP containing P. guajava leaf extract and evaluate its quality and anti-acne activity. The leaves were prepared, characterized, and extracted via maceration. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract was determined. Patch bases were formulated using various concentrations of HPMC, HPMC-PVP, and HPMC-PVA that were selected for their film-forming ability, mechanical strength, elasticity, and biocompatibility. The optimal base was combined with extracts at 4%, 8%, and 12% to prepare the HAP. The quality and anti-acne activity were evaluated and statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the Bonferroni post hoc test. The optimized formula, F6 (HPMC 3.5%: PVA 1.5%), with 12% extract, met all quality criteria and exhibited anti-acne activity comparable to that of a marketed patch containing chlorhexidine. The F6 formula demonstrated a strong inhibition zone (14.22 ± 0.27 mm), indicating its potential as a natural and effective alternative for acne treatment.

Kata Kunci

Antiacne, HPMC; Patch; Propionibacterium acnes; PVA; PVP

Teks Lengkap:

PDF (English)

Referensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/ijpst.v12i3.60518