Peran Persepsi Dukungan Sosial pada Perasaan Bahagia Mahasiswa Perantau

Krismasita Surya Putri, Krismita Padila Wahono, Jessyca Saraswaty Florencya Christmanto

Abstrak


Peningkatan akses pendidikan tinggi mendorong individu merantau untuk pengalaman yang lebih baik, namun sering disertai tantangan psikologis seperti penurunan kebahagiaan akibat terpisah dari lingkungan sosial yang familiar. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji hubungan dan pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap kebahagiaan mahasiswa perantau. Metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei digunakan pada 126 mahasiswa perantau di Pulau Jawa yang diperoleh melalui teknik accidental sampling. Data dikumpulkan secara daring melalui Google Forms menggunakan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support dan Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dan regresi linier berganda dengan bantuan program JASP. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial berhubungan positif signifikan dengan kebahagiaan (rs = .528, p < .001). Model regresi juga signifikan secara keseluruhan, F(3, 122) = 21.55, p < .001, dengan kontribusi sebesar 34.6% terhadap varians kebahagiaan. Secara parsial, dukungan keluarga dan teman (β = .35, p < .001) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kebahagiaan, sedangkan dukungan dari pihak lain yang signifikan tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang berarti (β = -.03, p > .05). Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya dukungan sosial, khususnya dari keluarga dan teman, sebagai faktor protektif yang berperan dalam meningkatkan kebahagiaan mahasiswa perantau, serta menjadi landasan bagi intervensi promotif berbasis dukungan sosial di lingkungan pendidikan tinggi.


Kata Kunci


dukungan keluarga, dukungan teman, kebahagiaan, mahasiswa perantau, persepsi dukungan sosial

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi


Adamczyk, K. (2016). An investigation of loneliness and perceived social support among single and partnered young adults. Current Psychology, 35(4), 674–689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-015-9337-7

Ahmed, H. A. A. E. K., & Mohamed, B. E. S. (2022). Relationship between morality, happiness, and social support among elderly people. Middle East Current Psychiatry, 29(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-022-00195-z

Aumeboonsuke, V. (2017). Parents or peers, wealth or warmth? the impact of social support, wealth, and a positive outlook on self-efficacy and happiness. International Journal of Social Economics, 44(6), 732–750. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-01-2015-0002

Bak-Klimek, A., Karatzias, T., Elliott, L., & Maclean, R. (2015). The determinants of well-being among international economic immigrants: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. In Applied Research in Quality of Life (Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp. 161–188). Kluwer Academic Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-013-9297-8

Beech, R., & Murray, M. (2013). Social engagement and healthy ageing in disadvantaged communities. Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 14(1), 12–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/14717791311311076

Bernard, A., & Bell, M. (2018). Educational selectivity of internal migrants: a global assessment. Demographic Research, 39(1), 835–854. https://doi.org/10.4054/DemRes.2018.39.29

BPS-RI. (2020). Statistik migrasi indonesia: hasil long form sensus penduduk 2020.

Cacioppo, J. T., Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2006). Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology and Aging, 21(1), 140–151. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140

Delhey, J., & Dragolov, G. (2016). Happier together. social cohesion and subjective well-being in europe. International Journal of Psychology, 51(3), 163–176. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12149

Delhey, J., Dragolov, G., & Boehnke, K. (2022). Social cohesion in international comparison: a review of key measures and findings. Kolner Zeitschrift Fur Soziologie Und Sozialpsychologie, 75, 95–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11577-023-00891-6

Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542

Donaldson, S. I., van Zyl, L. E., & Donaldson, S. I. (2022). PERMA+4: a framework for work-related wellbeing, performance and positive organizational psychology 2.0. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.817244

Dunkel-Schetter, C., Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1987). Interpersonal relations and group processes correlates of social support receipt. Journal or Personality and Social Psychology, 53(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.53.1.71

Erikson, E. H. (1963). Childhood And Society (2nd ed.). New York: Norton.

Eurofound, & Siftung, B. (2014). Social cohesion and well-being in the EU. Eurofound. http://eurofound. europa.eu/publications/report/2014/quality-of-life-socialpolicies/social-cohesion-and-well-being-in-the-eu.

Ford, B. Q., Dmitrieva, J. O., Heller, D., Chentsova-Dutton, Y., Grossmann, I., Tamir, M., Uchida, Y., Koopmann-Holm, B., Floerke, V. A., Uhrig, M., Bokhan, T., & Mauss, I. B. (2015). Culture shapes whether the pursuit of happiness predicts higher or lower well-being. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(6), 1053–1062. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000108

Gallagher, S., Howard, S., Muldoon, O. T., & Whittaker, A. C. (2022). Social cohesion and loneliness are associated with the antibody response to covid-19 vaccination. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 103, 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2022.04.017

Gardiner, C., Geldenhuys, G., & Gott, M. (2018). Interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness among older people: an integrative review. In Health and Social Care in the Community (Vol. 26, Issue 2, pp. 147–157). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12367

Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2001). Emotional stability as a major dimension of happiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 1357–1364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00229-4

Ho, L. M., Yang, S. L., & Lin, J. C. (2019). Effects of scuba divers’ social support on happiness. Advances in Hospitality and Leisure, 15, 113–127. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1745-354220190000015007

Jalloh, A., Flack, T., Chen, K., & Fleming, K. (2014). Measuring happiness: examining definitions and instruments. Illuminare: A Student Journal in Recreation, Parks, and Leisure Studies, 12(1). http://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/illuminare/

Khan, T. M., Mansoor, S., Kaleem, M., Zafar, M. S., Shoail, A., Nauman, S., Khan, S., Qadeer, M. H., Yasir, M. H., Mumtaz, M., & Mansoor, H. (2020). Evaluation of impact of happiness on academic performance among medical students of rawalpindi medical university, pakistan. European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2(6). https://doi.org/10.24018/ejmed.2020.2.6.603

Koffman, J., Morgan, M., Edmonds, P., Speck, P., Siegert, R., & Higginson, I. J. (2013). Meanings of happiness among two ethnic groups living with advanced cancer in south london: a qualitative study. Psycho-Oncology, 22(5), 1096–1103. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3108

Kovich, M. K., Simpson, V. L., Foli, K. J., Hass, Z., & Phillips, R. G. (2023). Application of the perma model of well-being in undergraduate students. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 6(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42413-022-00184-4

Langford, C. P. H., Bowsher, J., Maloney, J. P., & Lillis, P. P. (1997). Social support: a conceptual analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25, 95–100. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1997.1997025095.x

Mahakud, G. C., & Yadav, R. (2015). Effects of happiness on mental health. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.25215/0203.085

Melchiorre, M. G., Chiatti, C., Lamura, G., Torres-Gonzales, F., Stankunas, M., Lindert, J., Ioannidi-Kapolou, E., Barros, H., Macassa, G., & Soares, J. F. J. (2013). Social support, socio-economic status, health and abuse among older people in seven european countries. Plos One, 8(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054856

Mohanty, M. S. (2014). What determines happiness? income or attitude: evidence from the U.S. longitudinal data. Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics, 7(2), 80–102. https://doi.org/10.1037/npe0000019

Neuman, W. Lawrence. (2014). Social research methods: qualitative and quantitative approaches. Pearson.

Putri, Komariyah, & Dianawati. (2023). Pro Kontra Isu Pembangunan (K. S. Nugroho, Ed.). CV. Agung Ilmu. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371989279

Pastore, F., Quintano, C., & Rocca, A. (2022). The duration of the school-to-work transition in italy and in other european countries: a flexible baseline hazard interpretation. International Journal of Manpower, 43(7), 1579–1600. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-03-2021-0135

Purnamasari, L. N., & Satwika, Y. W. (2024). Resiliensi mahasiswa rantau di kota surabaya yang mendapatkan dukungan sosial dari komunitas kristen. Character: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi, 11(02), 905–921. https://doi.org/10.26740/cjpp.v11n2.p905-921

Rufaida, H., & Kustanti, E. R. (2017). Hubungan antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dengan penyesuaian diri pada mahasiswa rantau dari sumatera di universitas diponegoro. Jurnal Empati, Agustus, 7(3), 217–222. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/empati.2017.19751

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2001). On happiness and human potentials: a review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 141–166. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.141

Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(6), 1069–1081. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069

Satici, S. A., Uysal, R., & Deniz, M. E. (2016). Linking social connectedness to loneliness: the mediating role of subjective happiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 97, 306–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.11.035

Seligman, M. E. (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and wellbeing. Simon and Schuster.

Shumaker, S. A., & Brownell, A. (1984). Toward a theory of social support: closing conceptual gaps. Journal of Social Issues, 40(4), 11–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1984.tb01105.x

Singh, K., Saxena, G., & Mahendru, M. (2022). Revisiting the determinants of happiness from a grounded theory approach. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 39(1), 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-12-2021-0236

The World Happiness Report. (2024).

Uchida, Y., & Oishi, S. (2016). The happiness of individuals and the collective. In Japanese Psychological Research (Vol. 58, Issue 1, pp. 125–141). Blackwell Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12103

Yan, L. W., & Pei, S. L. (2018). “Home away from home”? how international students handle difficult and negative experiences in american higher education. Journal of International Students, 8(1), 453–472. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1134338

Yonatan, A. Z. (2024). 10 Provinsi dengan Jumlah Mahasiswa Terbanyak.

Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jpsp.v10i1.69819

Refbacks

  • Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.


##submission.copyrightStatement##

##submission.license.cc.by-sa4.footer##

Jurnal ini terideks di:


width= width=  width= width=  width=