Kompatibilitas persilangan interspesifik pada spesies cabai

Iklillah Maulidiyah Warda; Budi Waluyo

doi:10.24198/kultivasi.v19i3.29234

Kompatibilitas persilangan interspesifik pada spesies cabai

Iklillah Maulidiyah Warda, Budi Waluyo

Abstract

Sari

Peningkatan produksi cabai (Capsicum sp.) dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan diversifikasi jenis baru dari hasil persilangan antar spesies. Tujuan penelitian ialah untuk mempelajari kompatibilitas pada penyerbukan sendiri dan penyerbukan silang buatan interspesies. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Januari 2020 – Juni 2020. Bahan yang digunakan ialah 4 spesies cabai. Persilangan disusun berdasarkan rancangan perkawinan dialil lengkap. Terdapat 16 kombinasi persilangan. Perbedaan karakter kuantitatif penyerbukan sendiri dan silang diuji menggunakan uji t 5%. Penyerbukan sendiri pada setiap spesies memiliki kompatibilitas penuh dengan persentase pembentukan buah yaitu 100%. Persilangan antara C. annuum Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3 x C. baccatum Cbac-09(S), C. frutescens Cfru-03(4) x C. annuum Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3 dan C. frutescens Cfru-03(4) x C. baccatum Cbac-09(S) memiliki kompatibilitas penuh dengan persentase 65%, 50% dan 85%. Persilangan antara C. annuum Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3 x C. frutescens Cfru-03(4), C. frutescens Cfru-03(4) x C. chinense (Cchi-01) memiliki kompatibilitas sebagian dengan persentase sebesar 48% dan 46%. Inkompatibilitas terjadi pada persilangan C. annuum (Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3) x C. chinense (Cchi-01), C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)) x C. annuum (Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3), C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)) x C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4), C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)) x C. chinense (Cchi-01), C. chinense (Cchi-01) x C. annuum (Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3), C. chinense (Cchi-01) x C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)), C. chinense (Cchi-01) x C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)).

Kata Kunci: C. annuum , C. baccatum, C. chinense, C. frutescens, persilangan.

Abstract

Production of chili (Capsicum sp.) can be increased by diversifying new types of crosses between species. The research objective was to study the compatibility of self-pollination and cross-pollination between species. This research was conducted in Januari 2020 – Juni 2020. The materials were included 4 species of C. annuum sp. Crossing of 4 species Capsicum sp. using a dialel design. All selfing of each species showed that percentage of fruit set was 100%. Crosses of C. annuum (Cann (B)-CYM2-151-3) x C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)), C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)) x C. annuum (Cann (B)-CYM2-151-3) and C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)) x C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)) had full compatibility with percentages of 65%, 50%, and 85%, respectively. Crosses between C. annuum (Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3) x C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)), C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)) x C. chinense (Cchi-01) had partial compatibility with a percentage of 48% and 46%. Incompatibilities occured in C. annuum (Cann (B)-CYM2-151-3) x C. chinense (Cchi-01), C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)) x C. annuum (Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3), C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)) x C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)), C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S) x C. chinense (Cchi-01), C. chinense (Cchi-01) x C. annuum (Cann(B)-CYM2-151-3), C. chinense (Cchi-01) x C. frutescens (Cfru-03(4)), C. chinense (Cchi-01) x C. baccatum (Cbac-09(S)).

Keywords: C. annuum, C. baccatum, C. frutescens, C. chinense, hybridization.

Keywords

C. annuum; C. baccatum; C. frutescens; C. chinense; persilangan

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v19i3.29234