Pertumbuhan tunas kunyit tinggi kurkumin pada berbagai jenis sitokinin dan auksin secara in vitro

Erni Suminar, Denny Sobardini Sobarna, Syariful Mubarok, Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih, Ade Setiawan

Abstract


Abstrak. Kunyit merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional, bumbu dapur, serta zat pewarna alami, sehingga kebutuhannya mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Penyediaan bibit yang memiliki produktivitas tinggi dalam jumlah banyak dapat dilakukan dengan metode kultur in vitro, namun perlu optimasi media yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari komposisi zat pengatur tumbuh yang dapat memberikan pertumbuhan planlet yang lebih vigor. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Perlakuan terdiri dari penggunaan sitokinin dan auksin pada eksplan kunyit yang diulang tiga kali. Media Murashige and Skoog (MS) digunakan sebagai media dasar dengan perlakuan kombinasi antara tipe dan konsentrasi sitokinin (9  mg L-1 benzyl amino purine; 1,0  mg L-1 Thidiazuron; 0,1 mg L-1 Zeatin) dengan auksin (0,01 mg L-1 dan 1  mg L-1  Naphthalene Acetic Acid). Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap perubah jumlah tunas, tinggi tunas, dan jumlah daun pada 12 minggu setelah tanam. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa 9 mg L-1 benzyl amino purine + 0,1 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tunas dan jumlah daun.  Media dengan penambahan 1,0 mg L-1 Thidiazuron + 0,1 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid menghasilkan jumlah tunas yang lebih banyak, dan plantlet dari media 1,0 mg L-1 Thidiazuron + 0,01 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid memiliki jumlah stomata yang tertinggi.

Kata Kunci: BAP, In vitro, Kunyit, NAA, TDZ, Zeatin

 

Abstract. Turmeric is a plant that is widely used as raw material for traditional medicines, spices, and natural dye, so that their needs increased every year. Supply of high productivity seedlings in large quantities can use in vitro culture, but it is necessary to optimize the appropriate media. This study aims to find the composition of plant growth regulators that can provide vigorous plantlet growth. The experimental design used completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of cytokinins and auxins in turmeric explants which were repeated three times. Murashige and Skoog (MS) media were used as base media. The treatments were combination of cytokinin types and concentrations (9 mg L-1 benzyl amino purine; 1.0 mg L-1 Thidiazuron; 0.1 mg L-1 Zeatin) with auxin concentrations (0.01 mg L-1 and 1 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid). Observations were made on changes in the number of shoots, shoot height, and number of leaves at 12 weeks after planting. The results showed that 9 mg L-1 benzyl amino purine + 0.1 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid affected shoot height and leaves number. Media with the addition of 1.0 mg L-1 Thidiazuron + 0.1 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid produced a higher number of shoots. Media of 1.0 mg L-1 Thidiazuron + 0.01 mg L-1 Naphthalene Acetic Acid  gave the highest planlet stomata.

Keywords: BAP, In vitro, NAA, TDZ, Turmeric


Keywords


BAP; In vitro; Kunyit; NAA; TDZ; Zeatin

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v20i1.30705

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