Formulasi pembawa rizobakteri penambat nitrogen dan pelarut fosfat, serta aplikasinya di pembibitan kelapa sawit yang diberi komposisi dan dosis amelioran yang berbeda
Abstract
Abstrak
Keberhasilan aplikasi pupuk hayati berkaitan dengan viabilitas mikroba dalam pembawa, dan aplikasinya di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui viabilitas Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen (BPN) dan Bakteri Pelarut Fosfat (BPF) pada berbagai komposisi karier, konsentrasi molase, dan aplikasinya dengan berbagai dosis serta komposisi amelioran pada pembibitan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Oktober 2019 - Mei 2020 di laboratorium dan kebun percobaan Ciparanje. Tahap pertama menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dua faktor (komposisi karier dan konsentrasi molase) dengan tiga ulangan. Tahap kedua menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok faktorial dua faktor (komposisi amelioran dan dosis aplikasi) pada pembibitan kelapa sawit sebanyak tiga ulangan. Hasil riset tahap pertama menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi karier 90% + zat aditif 10% dengan penambahan 2% molase merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan viabilitas BPN dan BPF tertinggi sampai dengan 12 Minggu Setelah Produksi (MSP) dengan masing-masing populasi sebesar 1,43 x 108 CFU g-1 dan 1,65 x 108 CFU g-1. Viabilitas BPN maupun BPF dalam campuran carrier 90% + zat aditif 10% dengan penambahan 2% molase pada masa simpan sampai dengan 12 MSP masih memenuhi standar mutu pupuk hayati yaitu sebesar 107 CFU g-1. Hasil riset tahap kedua dosis d3 (10%) komposisi k3 (Kompos blotong 25% + Abu sawit 25% + biochar 40% + Dolomit 10%) memberikan hasil terbaik pada pertambahan tinggi batang, diameter batang dan jumlah daun.
Kata Kunci: Amelioran, organik, bakteri penambat nitrogen, bakteri pelarut fosfat, karier, pembibitan kelapa sawit
Abstract
The successful application of biofertilizers is related to microbial viability in the carrier, and application in the field. The research examined the viability of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria (NFB) and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on various carrier compositions, molasses concentrations, and field application at oil palm nursery combined with different ameliorant dosage and composition. This research was conducted from October 2019 to May 2020 at the laboratory and Ciparanje experimental garden. The first phase used a two-factor completely randomized design (carrier composition and molasses concentration) that was given three replications. The second phase used a two-factor randomized completely block design (ameliorant composition and dosage). First phase results showed that carrier mixture 90% + additive 10% with the addition of 2% molasses was the best treatment with the highest NFB and PSB viability until 12 weeks after biofertilizer production with population of about 1.43 x 108 CFU g-1 and 1.65 x 108 CFUg-1, respectively. Viability of NFB and PSB in carrier mixture 90% + additive 10% with the addition of 2% molasses at the shelf life of 12 weeks after the production still meet the biofertilizer standards in the amount of 107 CFU g-1. Ameliorant d3 dose (10%) of composition k3 (25% sugarcane boiler compost + 25% palm ash + 40% biochar + 10% dolomite) gave the best results in the increase of plant height, stem diameter and leaves number.
Keywords: Ameliorant, nitrogen fixing bacteria, oil palm nursery organic carrier, phosphate solubilizing bacteria
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i2.38053
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