Resistensi gulma Echinochloa crusss-galli terhadap herbisida berbahan aktif Metamifop di areal persawahan Sulawesi Selatan

Annisa Nadiah Aprilia; Denny Kurniadie; Uum Umiyati

doi:10.24198/kultivasi.v21i3.38960

Resistensi gulma Echinochloa crusss-galli terhadap herbisida berbahan aktif Metamifop di areal persawahan Sulawesi Selatan

Annisa Nadiah Aprilia, Denny Kurniadie, Uum Umiyati

Abstract

Abstrak

Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa cruss-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] diakui sebagai gulma paling bermasalah di areal persawahan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia. Herbisida metamifop sudah lama digunakan untuk mengendalikan gulma tersebut pada areal pertanaman padi sawah di Sulawesi Selatan dengan intensitas aplikasi yang cukup tinggi. Hal tersebut menimbulkan E. cruss-galli yang sulit dikendalikan dan diperkirakan resisten terhadap herbisida metamifop. Namun demikian, kasus resistensi gulma terhadap herbisida metamifop di Indonesia belum banyak dilaporkan dan diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) adanya resistensi gulma E. cruss-galli terhadap metamifop, (2) tingkat resistensi yang terjadi pada gulma E. cruss-galli terhadap metamifop. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Kabupaten Sumedang, Jawa Barat dari bulan November 2021 hingga Januari 2022. Uji tingkat resistensi dilakukan dengan metode Whole Plant Pot Test menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan 3 ulangan. Petak utama adalah dosis herbisida metamifop: 0, 31,25, 62,5, 125, 250, 500 dan 1000 g b.a/ha. Anak petak adalah tempat asal gulma, yaitu gulma terpapar (Sidrap, Maros, Pinrang) dan tidak terpapar herbisida. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa gulma E. cruss-galli asal Pinrang tergolong ke dalam resistensi rendah, sedangkan E. cruss-galli asal Sidrap dan Maros masih tergolong sensitif terhadap aplikasi metamifop.

Kata Kunci: Echinochloa cruss-galli, Metamifop, Resistensi Gulma

Abstract

Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa cruss-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] is acknowledged to be the most troublesome weed in paddy fields of South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The herbicide containing metamifop active ingredient has long been used to control this weed in lowland paddy fields in South Sulawesi with a reasonably high application intensity. It is caused difficulties in controlling E. cruss-galli due to resistance issue to the herbicide. However, weed resistance to metamifop herbicide cases in Indonesia have not been widely reported and studied. The study aimed to (1) confirm the presence of herbicide-resistant of E. cruss-galli toward metamifop, (2) classify the resistance level of E. cruss-galli toward metamifop. The research was conducted at the greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang District, Wesr Java from November 2021 until January 2022. Resistance level test of E. cruss-galli was performed using the Whole Plant Pot Test method. The treatments were organized in a Split Plot Design with 3 replications. The main plot was the dose of metamifop: 0, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 dan 1000 g b.a/ha. The subplot was the origin of weed: exposed weed (Sidrap, Maros, Pinrang) and unexposed weed to herbicides. The result showed that only one E. cruss-galli from Pinrang showed a low level of resistance while E. cruss-galli from Sidrap and maros still sensitive to metamifop.

Keywords: Echinochloa cruss-galli, Metamifop, Weed resistance

Keywords

Echinochloa cruss-galli; Metamifop; Resistensi Gulma

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i3.38960