Pengukuran Peluang dan Prevalensi Anemia Defisiensi Zat Besi pada Wanita Post Partum

Darmawati Darmawati; Syahbandi Syahbandi; Aida Fitri; Masyithah Audina

doi:10.24198/mkk.v3i2.28140

Pengukuran Peluang dan Prevalensi Anemia Defisiensi Zat Besi pada Wanita Post Partum

Darmawati Darmawati, Syahbandi Syahbandi, Aida Fitri, Masyithah Audina

Abstract

Anemia pada periode postpartum merupakan satu dari berbagai masalah yang berkontribusi pada angka mortalitas dan morbiditas maternal. Terdapat sekitar 50-80% wanita postpartum mengalami anemia dalam periode waktu 48 jam setelah melahirkan. Mayoritas penyebab anemia adalah defisiensi zat besi. Pelayanan masyarakat tentang anemia postpartum saat ini masih sedikit dan membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi anemia dan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian anemia defisiensi zat besi pada periode postpartum. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berbentuk desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Partisipan direkrut menggunakan metode non-probability sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 102 partisipan. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square. Kegiatan ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa 49.0% wanita postpartum mengalami anemia ringan, 10.8% mengalami anemia sedang, dan 40.2% lainnya tidak mengalami anemia. Ditemukan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor sosiodemografi (usia, pendidikan, pendapatan) dengan kejadian anemia pada wanita postpartum (0.01; 0.039; 0.05). Usia, pendidikan, dan pendapatan keluarga merupakan faktor risiko yang berkorelasi terhadap anemia pada ibu postpartum. Diharapkan ibu yang menjalani masa postpartum dengan faktor risiko seperti ibu dengan usia berisiko, pendidikan dan pendapatan keluarga yang rendah dapat meningkatkan kesadarannya terhadap risiko untuk mengalami anemia pada periode ini. Cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang anemia pada periode postpartum dan mengkonsumsi makanan kaya zat gizi semenjak kehamilan serta mengkonsumsi tablet zat besi selama hamil sehingga anemia postpartum dapat dicegah.

Kata Kunci: Anemia, Defisiensi Zat Besi, Postpartum, Risiko.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/mkk.v3i2.28140