IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KESEHATAN IBU, BAYI, BAYI BARU LAHIR DAN ANAK (KIBBLA) DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG

Abstrak

Penelitian ini berjudul  implementasi kebijakan kesehatan Ibu, Bayi, Bayi baru lahir dan Anak (KIBBLA) di Kabupaten Bandung. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh peningkatan kasus angka kematian bayi baru lahir, jumlah kunjungan ibu hamil menurun, kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan ibu dan anak belum berjalam optimal, masih adanya persalinan yang ditolong oleh non tenaga kesehatan, pembinaan terhadap tenaga  kesehatan belum optimal dilaksanakan apalagi selama masa pandemi Covid-19 ini, hal ini penulis merasa tertarik untuk meneliti Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Bandung  Nomor 8 Tahun 2009 tentang KIBBLA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui, mengenai implementasi dari Perda tentang KIBBLA ditingkat pelaksana berdasarkan teori implementasi model Edward III, dengan mengkaji empat faktor atau variabel dari kebijakan yaitu struktur birokrasi, sumber daya , komunikasi, disposisi. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, Data yang berhasil diperoleh dan dikumpulkan melalui hasil wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumen kemudian dianalis secara deskriptif. Informan yang dipilih berdasarkan kapasitas dan pengetahuan narasumber yang memang mengusai bidangnya, sebagai implementor Perda tingkat pelaksana, yaitu Camat kecamatan Ibun, Kepala Puskesmas Sudi Kecamatan Ibun, UPT KB /P5A Kecamatan Ibun, bidan desa dan para kepala desa diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Sudi Kecamatan Ibun. Dari penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa implementasi Perda KIBBLA di Kabupaten Bandung sudah dilaksanakan namun dalam pelaksanaannya ditemukan beberapa kendala dilapangan seperti pada keterbatasan  sumber daya, keterbatasan informasi, pada dimensi struktur birokrasi yaitu belum berjalannya sistem rujukan, dan SMS gate way belum berjalan sehingga penanganan kegawatdarutan KIBBLA menjadi terhambat, sebaiknya dilakukan koordinasi antara pemerintah kabupaten Bandung sebagai pengambil kebijakan dengan implementor kebijakan KIBBLA.

The title of this research is the implementation of maternal, infant, newborn and child health policies (KIBBLA) in Bandung Regency. This research is motivated by an increase in cases of newborn mortality, the number of visits by pregnant women has decreased, activities related to maternal and child health have not been optimal, there are still deliveries assisted by non-health workers, guidance for health workers has not been optimally implemented, especially during this period. In this Covid-19 pandemic, the author is interested in researching the Bandung Regency Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2009 concerning KIBBLA. The purpose of this research is to find out, regarding the implementation of the Perda on KIBBLA at the implementing level based on the theory of implementation of the Edward III model, by examining four factors or variables of the policy, namely bureaucratic structure, resources, communication, disposition. The method in this research is qualitative research. The data that was successfully obtained and collected through in-depth interviews and document studies were then analyzed descriptively. The informants were selected based on the capacity and knowledge of the resource persons who really mastered their fields, as implementers of the implementing level Perda, namely the Head of the Ibun sub-district, the head of the Sudi Health Center in the Ibun sub-district, the UPT KB / P5A in the Ibun sub-district, village midwives and village heads in the working area of the Sudi Public Health Center, Ibun sub-district. From this study, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Regional Regulation on KIBBLA in Bandung Regency has been implemented but in its implementation several obstacles were found in the field such as limited resources, limited information, the dimensions of the bureaucratic structure, namely the referral system has not been running, and SMS gate way has not been running so that handling emergencies KIBBLA becomes hampered, it is better to coordinate between the Bandung district government as a policy maker with the implementor of the KIBBLA policy.