UPAYA PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS KELUARGA DALAM PENGASUHAN ANAK (Studi Kasus Pada Proses Perlindungan Anak Terlantar oleh Rumah Perlindungan Sosial Asuhan Anak (RPSAA) Ciumbuleuit Kota Bandung)

Gina Indah Permata Nastia, Sri Sulastri, Eva Nuriyah

Abstrak


ABSTRAK

Penelantaran anak merupakan salah satu kasus perlakuan salah terhadap anak yang banyak terjadi di Indonesia, disamping kekerasan dan eksploitasi. Provinsi Jawa Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia dengan persentase anak terlantar yang tinggi, yakni sebesar 1,26% atau sebanyak 22.122 anak terlantar. Angka tersebut merupakan angka tertinggi di Pulau Jawa. Masalah penelantaran anak ini perlu diatasi, karena memiliki sejumlah konsekuensi terhadap perkembangan dan pertumbuhan anak. Guna menangani masalah tersebut, diperlukan upaya perlindungan anak terlantar melalui lembaga pengasuhan alternatif, yakni panti asuhan. Namun, panti asuhan di Indonesia memiliki permasalahan rendahnya kualitas sistem pelayanan, di mana panti asuhan di Indonesia lebih berfungsi sebagai lembaga yang menyediakan pelayanan berupa akses terhadap pendidikan daripada sebagai lembaga yang menyediakan pengasuhan alternatif terakhir bagi anak yang mendukung sistem pengasuhan berbasis keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelayanan bagi keluarga dalam proses perlindungan anak terlantar oleh Rumah Perlindungan Sosial Asuhan Anak (RPSAA) Ciumbuleuit Kota Bandung, sebagai upaya peningkatan kapasitas pengasuhan keluarga. Adapun penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan jumlah informan sebanyak 11 orang, yakni terdiri dari 5 orang pekerja sosial yang bertugas di RPSAA Ciumbuleuit Kota Bandung, dan 1 keluarga yang menerima pelayanan dari RPSAA Ciumbuleuit Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelayanan bagi keluarga oleh RPSAA Ciumbuleuit Kota Bandung belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal, mulai dari tahap pendekatan awal hingga tindak lanjut. Oleh karena itu, lembaga perlu mengatur kembali pelaksanaan tahap asesmen hingga tindak lanjut, serta mengembangkan pelayanan bagi keluarga yang sesuai dengan permasalahan dan kebutuhan keluarga.

 

 

 

ABSTRACT

Child neglect is one of the most common cases of child abuse in Indonesia, in addition to violence and exploitation. West Java is one of the provinces in Indonesia with a highest percentage of neglected children in Java, namely 1.26% or 22,122 neglected children. This problem needs to be addressed, because it has a number of consequences on children’s development and growth. In order to deal with this problem, it is necessary to protect neglected children through alternative care institutions, namely orphanages. However, orphanages in Indonesia have low quality service system. They function more as institutions that provide services in the form of access to education rather than as institutions that provide the last alternative care for children that supports a family-based care system. This study aims to describe families’ services in the neglected children protection process by the Children's Social Protection Home (CSPH) Ciumbuleuit Bandung City, as an effort to increase the capacity of family care. This research uses qualitative research methods and qualitative descriptive research types, with the number of informants as many as 11 people, consisting of 5 social workers on duty at CSPH Ciumbuleuit Bandung City, and 1 family receiving services from CSPH Ciumbuleuit Bandung City. The results showed that services for families had not been implemented optimally by CSPH Ciumbuleuit Bandung City, starting from the initial approach stage to follow-up. Therefore, the institution needs to reorganize the implementation of the assessment to follow-up stage, as well as develop services for families that are appropriate with the problems and needs of the family.


Kata Kunci


penelantaran anak, perlindungan anak, panti asuhan, pelayanan, keluarga

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v11i2.37040

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