PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI ASISTIF : PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN PENYANDANG DISABILITAS FISIK

Lya Fayola Zen; Hadiyanto Abdul Rachim; Nurliana Cipta Apsari

doi:10.24198/share.v14i2.52420

PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI ASISTIF : PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN PENYANDANG DISABILITAS FISIK

Lya Fayola Zen, Hadiyanto Abdul Rachim, Nurliana Cipta Apsari

Abstrak

Individu dengan disabilitas fisik sering mengalami kesulitan dalam mencapai tingkat kemandirian yang diharapkan dalam aktivitas sehari-hari mereka. Dalam upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan tingkat kemandirian mereka, penggunaan teknologi asistif telah menjadi fokus perhatian, yang telah membawa dampak positif dalam meningkatkan kemandirian penyandang disabilitas fisik. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk menggali dan mendiskusikan peran penting teknologi asistif dalam meningkatkan kemandirian penyandang disabilitas fisik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Tinjauan Pustaka untuk menganalisis artikel-artikel yang relevan. Informasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian diperoleh dari basis data publikasi di Google Scholar menggunakan istilah pencarian teknologi asistif, disabilitas, disabilitas fisik dan peningkatan kemandirian. Penelitian ini merujuk pada tinjauan literatur atas artikel-artikel klinis dan penelitian yang diterbitkan dalam periode tahun 2003 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa teknologi asistif merupakan rangkaian komponen dan layanan yang bertujuan untuk mengimbangi atau mengurangi hambatan yang mungkin terjadi bagi para penyandang disabilitas. Selain itu, artikel ini juga menggambarkan bagaimana pendekatan yang terpadu, yang melibatkan berbagai teknologi asistif, pelatihan keterampilan, dan dukungan sosial, dapat menciptakan lingkungan yang mendukung kemandirian penyandang disabilitas fisik. Berdasarkan tinjauan literatur ini, kita memahami bahwa penggunaan teknologi asistif harus dipandang sebagai salah satu elemen kunci dalam mempromosikan kemandirian dan inklusi penyandang disabilitas fisik dalam masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini berpotensi memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan yang mendukung aksesibilitas teknologi asistif dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup penyandang disabilitas fisik.

Individuals with physical disabilities often face challenges in achieving the expected level of independence in their daily activities. In an effort to improve their standard of living and degree of self-sufficiency, the use of assistive technology has become a focal point of attention, which has brought about positive impacts in improving the independence of individuals with physical disabilities. This research employs Article Analysis through a Literature Review method. The data used in the study is derived from the Google Scholar publication database with keywords such as assistive technology, disability, physical disability, and independence enhancement. The study relies on an examination of clinical papers and research studies released from 2003 to 2023. The study finds that assistive technology consists of a range of devices and services designed to compensate for or reduce barriers that may occur for individuals with disabilities. Furthermore, this article also illustrates how an integrated approach, involving various assistive technologies, skill training, and social support, can create an environment that supports the independence of individuals with physical disabilities. Based on this literature review, we recognize that the use of assistive technology is a fundamental aspect in promoting the autonomy and integration of people with physical disabilities within the society. The findings of this research have the potential to provide policy recommendations that support the accessibility of assistive technology and enhance the life quality of people who have physical disabilities.

Kata Kunci

Teknologi Asistif, Disabilitas Fisik, Peningkatan Kemandirian

Teks Lengkap:

PDF

Referensi

Abraham, S. (2013). Quality of life among adolescents with physical disability undergoing integrated education. International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 2(5), 15.

Afriliani, L. (2016). Fungsi Bimbingan Keterampilan Vokasional (Vocational Skill) Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Netra (Studi di Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial Disabilitas Netra “Pendowo” Kudus). Universitas Negeri Semarang.

Armitage, R., & Nellums, L. B. (2020). Considering inequalities in the school closure response to COVID-19. The Lancet Global Health, 8(5), e644.

Budiono, E. (2022). Nasional Sosial & Budaya. Wujudkan Kemandirian Penyandang Disabilitas, Kemensos Gunakan Pendekatan Teknologi. Availabe at:https://infopublik.id/kategori/nasional-sosial-budaya/677811/wujudkan-kemandirian-penyandang-disabilitas-kemensos-gunakan-pendekatan-teknologi?show= . [Accessed November 02, 2023]

Buehler, Cheryl dan O’Brien, Marion. (2011). Mother’s Part-Time Employment: Associations With Mother and Family WellBeing. Journal of Family Psychology, 25(6), 895-906

Burchardt T. (2003). Being and becoming: social exclusion and the onset of disability. CASE Report No. 21. London: ESRC Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, London School of Economics.

Carlson, D., & Ehrlich, N.J. (2005). Sources of payment for assistive technology: Findings from a national survey. Paper submitted for publication to Assistive Technology

Colella, A., & Bruyère, S. (2011). Disability and Employment: New Directions for Industrial and Organizational Psychology. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology by American Psychological Association, Washington, DC: US.

Damastuti, E. (2021). Teknologi Asistif. Malang: CV. IRDH (International Research & Development For Human Beings)

Dökmen, N., Kaygisiz, B. B., & Topcu, Z. G. (2020). Relationship between the independence level of children with physical disabilities and physical health, quality of life and social support of their parents. Journal of Exercise Therapy and Rehabilitation, 7(2), 177-185.

Federici, S., & Borsci, S. (2016). Providing assistive technology in Italy: The perceived delivery process quality as affecting abandonment. Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, 11(1), 22–31

Haryanto. 2006. Model Rehabilitasi Penyandang Cacat Berbasis Masyarakat dalam Usaha Hidup Mandiri. Dalam Jurnal Pendidikan. Vo. 2. No. 1. Hal 89-97.

Hawkridge, D., Vincent, T., & Hales, G. (2018). In New Information Technology in the Education of Disabled Children and Adults. Taylor & Francis Group.

Janet. (2019). Assistive Technology. BARRIERS TO THE USE OF ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY. Available at: https://assistivetechnologyhub.com/barriers-to-the-use-of-assistive-technology/. [Accessed at November 05, 2023]

Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informasi. (2018). Governance Public Relation. Kemenperin-Kemensos Latih Penyandang Disabilitas Agar Siap Kerja di Industri. Available at: https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/15781/kemenperin-kemensos-latih-penyandang-disabilitas-agar-siap-kerja-di-industri/0/artikel_gpr. [Accessed November 03, 2023]

Nawawi, A. (2010). Keterampilan Kehidupan Sehari-hari bagi Tunanetra, Activity of Daily Living Skill (ADL). Jurnal Pendidikan Luar Biasa, 1(2)

Ningrum, A.D, Kusumawardhani, N., Agriati, R.E. (2018). Model Pelayanan

Aksesibilitas Bagi Anak Penyandang Disabilitas Melalui Pusat Layanan Terpadu Di Kota Pangkalpinang. Pekerjaan Sosial, 16 (2).

Obiakor, F. E., Bakken, J. P., & Rotatori, A. F. (Eds.). (2010). Current Issues and Trends in Special Education: Research, Technology, and Teacher Preparation. Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Pemerintah Indonesia. 2016. Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2016, No. 69, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5871. Sekretariat Negara. Jakarta.

Pioh, Y. E., Kandowangko, N., & J Lasut, J. (2017). Peran Pengasuh Dalam Meningkatkan Kemandirian Anak Disabilitas Netra Di Panti Sosial Bartimeus Manado. Jurnal Acta Diurna, VI(2), 1–12.

Pizzi, J. (2008). Challenges of children with physical disabilities. Rivier Academic Journal, 4(1), 1-9.

Rachmiwanti, V., & Hartosujono. (2015). Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial dengan Kemandirian Para Penyandang Tuna Daksa di Pusat Rehabilitasi Terpadu Penyandang Cacat Bantul. Universitas Sarjanawiyata, 5.

Reed, P. & Bowser, G. (2005). “Assistive technologies and the IEP” in Edyburn, D., Higgins, K.,Boone, R. (Eds.) Handbook of Special Education Technology Research and Practice.Knowledge by Design Inc., Whitefish bay.

Rentenbach, B., Prislovsky, L., & Gabriel, R. (2017). Valuing differences: Neurodiversity in the classroom. Phi Delta Kappan, 98(8), 59–63.

Rini, A. R. P. (2012). Kemandirian Remaja Berdasarkan Urutan Kelahiran. Jurnal Pelopor Pendidikan, 3(1), 61-70.

Roberts, J. E., Chapman, R. S., & Warren, S. F. (2008). Speech and language development and intervention in Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome. Brookes.

Rosita, T., Rochyadi, E., & Sunardi, S. (2020). TEKNOLOGI ASISTIF DALAM PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF. Jurnal Elementary Education, 3(6), 301-307.

Samuel, Kirk, Gallagher, James & Coleman, Mary Ruth. (2015). Educating Exceptional Children. United States of America: CENCAGE Learning.

Setyawati, M. (2017). Daya Juang Menghadapi Diskriminasi Kerja Pada Penyandang Tunadaksa. Jurnal Psikoborneo, 5(1), 56-67.

Sugiarmin, M. (2010). Pengembangan Teknologi Asistif Bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Dalam Seting Pendidikan Inklusif. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.

Suwahyo, B. W., Setyosari, P., & Praherdiono, H. (2022). Pemanfaatan Teknologi Asistif dalam Pendidikan Inklusif. Edcomtech: Jurnal Kajian Teknologi Pendidikan, 7(1), 51–63.

Syarifah, F. (2023). WSIS Forum 2023 Bahas Ketimpangan Akses Penyandang Disabilitas. Available at: https://www.liputan6.com/disabilitas/read/5236682/wsis-forum-2023-bahas-ketimpangan-akses-penyandang-disabilitas?page=2 [accessed October 17, 2023]

Tan, W., & Ramadhani, D. P. (2020). Pemenuhan Hak Bekerja bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik di Kota Batam. Jurnal HAM, 11(1), 27-37.

Wong, M. ., & Cohen, L. (2011). School, family and other influences on assistive technology use: Access and challenges for students with visual impairment in Singapore. British Journal of Visual Impairment, 29(2), 130–144.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v14i2.52420