DAMPAK PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA PERDESAAN TERHADAP KEBERDAYAAN PEREMPUAN
Abstrak
Pariwisata merupakan salah satu sektor dengan perkembangan yang pesat dan memberikan dampak yang cukup baik bagi ekonomi. Pengembangan sektor pariwisata tidak hanya dilakukan di kota, tetapi juga di desa dengan dikembangkannya pariwisata perdesaan. Meskipun semakin berkembang, penelitian terkait dampak dari pariwisata perdesaan, terutama terhadap perempuan masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan dampak pengembangan pariwisata perdesaan terhadap keberdayaan perempuan dengan fokus pada Desa Ciburial, Kabupaten Bandung, Indonesia. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan teknik deskriptif. Perangkat desa, tokoh masyarakat, perempuan yang bekerja di sektor pariwisata, dan kelompok PKK dipilih sebagai informan secara purposive atau dengan pertimbangan tertentu. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan pariwisata meningkatkan peluang usaha dan pendapatan bagi perempuan, meskipun manfaat ekonomi belum merata. Secara psikologis, perempuan merasa lebih percaya diri dan bangga terhadap potensi wisata daerahnya. Semangat bersosialisasi dan peningkatan kohesivitas sosial menunjukkan bagaimana perempuan berdaya secara sosial. Terlebih lagi, konflik eksternal justru memperkuat solidaritas perempuan. Meskipun perempuan memiliki hak dan kebebasan untuk mengemukakan ide, representasi mereka dalam pemerintahan masih minim, mengindikasikan keberdayaan politik yang belum optimal. Kemudian, teridentifikasinya empat isu gender yang menghambat keberdayaan perempuan menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan pariwisata perdesaan di Desa Ciburial belum bisa memberikan dampak yang optimal terhadap keberdayaan perempuan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan program pelatihan yang disesuaikan dan keterlibatan perempuan dalam semua aspek pengembangan pariwisata.
Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors and significantly impacts the economy. The development of the tourism sector is not only carried out in cities but also in villages through the development of rural tourism. Despite its growth, research on the impact of rural tourism, especially on women, remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the impact of rural tourism development on women's empowerment, focusing on Ciburial Village, Bandung Regency, Indonesia. A qualitative approach with descriptive techniques was used in this study. Village officials, community leaders, women working in the tourism sector, and PKK groups were selected as informants through purposive sampling. The results show that the development of tourism increases business opportunities and income for women, although economic benefits are not yet evenly distributed. Psychologically, women feel more confident and proud of their region's tourism potential. Increased social cohesion and enthusiasm for socializing indicate how women are socially empowered. Furthermore, external conflicts strengthen women's solidarity. Although women have the right and freedom to express their ideas, their representation in government remains minimal, indicating that political empowerment is not yet optimal. The identification of four gender issues hindering women's empowerment shows that rural tourism development in Ciburial Village has not yet fully optimized its impact on women's empowerment. Therefore, tailored training programs and the involvement of women in all aspects of tourism development are needed.
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