PENGUATAN SELF-EFFICACY PENYANDANG DISABILITAS MELALUI PEMBERDAYAAN
Abstrak
Penyandang disabilitas kerap menghadapi tantangan yang kompleks dalam kehidupannya, tidak hanya terbatas pada keterbatasan fisik, sensorik, maupun intelektual, tetapi juga mencakup stigma sosial, diskriminasi, dan hambatan struktural yang membatasi akses mereka terhadap pendidikan, pekerjaan, informasi, dan partisipasi dalam kehidupan di masyarakat. Kondisi demikian sering kali berdampak negatif terhadap persepsi diri dan keyakinan penyandang disabilitas terhadap kemampuan yang dimilikinya, atau dikenal dengan istilah self-efficacy. Bagi penyandang disabilitas, self-efficacy memainkan peran penting dalam membangun ketahanan psikologis, meningkatkan motivasi, serta mendorong kemandirian dan partisipasi aktif dalam kehidupan sosial. Metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk menggambarkan penguatan self-efficacy penyandang disabilitas melalui pemberdayaan. Kajian literatur dilakukan untuk menelaah berbagai konsep dan hasil penelitian terdahulu yaitu mengenai pemberdayaan penyandang disabilitas dan faktor-faktor pembentuk self-efficacy menurut Bandura, yang terdiri dari mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, dan emotional states. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa upaya penguatan self-efficacy pada penyandang disabilitas dapat dilakukan melalui strategi pemberdayaan antara lain berupa pelatihan keterampilan, partisipasi aktif dalam kegiatan, interaksi dalam kelompok sebaya (peer group), serta kehadiran role model yang inspiratif, sehingga dapat memperkuat self-efficacy yang telah dimiliki oleh penyandang disabilitas. Strategi-strategi tersebut tidak hanya meningkatkan rasa percaya diri, tetapi juga menciptakan ruang bagi penyandang disabilitas untuk mengembangkan potensi, membuat keputusan, serta memiliki kontrol atas kehidupannya. Dengan demikian, pemberdayaan menjadi pendekatan strategis dan transformatif dalam mendukung penyandang disabilitas untuk mencapai kemandirian dan keberdayaan secara berkelanjutan.
Kata Kunci
Teks Lengkap:
PDFReferensi
Agmon, M., Sa'ar, A., & Bergman, T. A. (2016). The person in the disabled body: a perspective on culture and personhood from the margins. International Journal for Equity in Health.
Ahmad, D. M. (2023). Self-efficacy in Person with Physically Disability. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT), 11(7).
Akhtar, M. (2008). What is self-efficacy? Bandura’s 4 sources of efficacy beliefs. Retrieved from Positive Psychology UK: http://positivepsychology.org.uk/self-efficacy-definition-bandura-meaning/
Alzahir, S. (2011). Learning: Accessibility and Limitations for People with Disabilities. In P. O. Pablos, J. Zhao, & R. Tennyson, Technology Enhanced Learning for People with Disabilities: Approaches and Applications (p. 14). New York: Information Science Reference.
Aprilia, N., Dhania, D. R., Mahardayani, I. H., Susanti, R. N., & Ruby, A. C. (2024). Workers with Disabilities Personal Growth Initiative: The Contribution of Family Functioning and Work Empowerment. Journal of Educational, Health, and Community, 14(1).
Ardesa, Y. H., Saputro, P. T., & Syaifuddin, M. (2021). Self-Awareness Of Persons With Disabilities To Carry Out Rehabilitation,Increasing Participation And Rehabilitation Needs. INTEREST: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 10(1).
Ashagi, M. M., & Beheshtifar, M. (2015). The Relationship between Locus of Control (Internal - External) and Self-Efficacy Beliefs of Yazd University of Medical Sciences. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (IJEAS), 2(8).
Aydin, C. Y., Kondakci, E. U., & Ceylandag, R. (2018). The relationship between vicarious experience, social persuasion, physiological state, and chemistry self-efficacy: The role of mastery experience as a mediator. Psychology in the Schools, 55(10), 1224-1238.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
Bandura, A. (1982). Self-Efficacy Mechanism in Human Agency. American Psychological Association, 37(2), 122-147.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice Hall.
Colver, A. F., Dickinson, H. O., Parkinson, K., Arnaud, C., Beckung, E., Fauconnier, J., . . . McManus, V. (2011). Access of children with cerebral palsy to the physical, social and attitudinal environment they need: a cross-sectional European study. Disabil Rehabil, 33(1), 28-35.
Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindset: the new psychology of success. New York: Random House.
Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 42-51.
Evelyn, A. (2015). Locus of control, self-efficacy, and the mediating effect of outcome control: predicting course-level and global outcoms in an academic context. Anxiety Stress Coping, 425-444.
Fischer, M. M. (2007). Four Genealogies for a Recombinant Anthropology of Science and Technology. Cultural Anthropology, 22(4), 539-615.
Forbes, R. (2022). The Value of Vicarious Experiences in Health Professions Education. Education in the Health Professions, 5(3), 130-134.
Goffman, E. (1963). Stigma. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs.
Hitches, E., Woodcock, S., & Ehrich, J. (2022). Building self-efficacy without letting stress knock it down: Stress and academic self-efficacy of university students. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3.
Jenson, R. J., Petri, A. N., Day, A. D., Truman, K. Z., & Duffy, K. (2011). Perceptions of Self-Effi cacy Among STEM Students with Disabilities. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disabillity, 24(4), 269-283.
Khan, H., Pathan, S. Y., & Ahmad, W. (2021). Factors Responsible for Sense of Self-efficacy, Self-esteem, Self-confidence, and Self-determination among Persons with Disabilities. In Chavan, A. Wasim, & G. R. Kumari, Comprehensive Textbook on Disability. India: Jaypee Digital.
Kim, H.-m. (2022). Effects of self‐efficacy, self‐esteem, and disability acceptance on the social participation of people with physical disabilities: Focusing on COVID‐19 pandemic. Brain and Behavior, 13(1).
Klassen, R. M., & Lynch, S. L. (2007). Self-efficacy from the perspective of adolescents with LD and their specialist teachers. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 40(4), 494-507.
Klassen, R. M., & Usher, E. L. (2010). Self-efficacy in educational settings: Recent research and emerging directions. In S. Karabenick, & T. C. Urdan, The Decade Ahead: Theoretical Perspectives on Motivation and Achievement: (pp. 1-33). United Kingdom: Emerald Publishing Limited.
Lestari, S., Yani, D. I., & Nurhidayah, I. (2018). Kebutuhan Orang Tua dengan Anak Disabilitas. Journal of Nursing Care, 1(1).
Li, Y., Ren, S. W., & Di, Y. (2015). Locus of control, psychological empowerment and intrinsic motivation relation to performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(4).
Livneh, H., Martz, E., & Turpin, J. (2000). Locus of control orientation and acceptance of disability. Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling, 31(3), 14-21.
Madhulaa, R., & Arjunan, D. R. (2014). Barrier Focused Self Efcacy Among Persons With Disabilites Working in Private Sector Organisations in Coimbatore. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 4(12).
Manopo, T. P., Singkoh, F., & Kasenda, V. (2021). Pemberdayaan Kelompok Penyandang Disabilitas Oleh Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Minahasa (Studi Kasus Di Kecamatan Langowan Timur). Jurnal Governance, 1(2).
Margolis, H., & Mccabe, P. P. (2006). Improving Self-Efficacy and Motivation: What to Do, What to Say. Intervention in School and Clinic, 41(4), 218-227.
Mirsaleh, R., Kiyasari, E., & Mokarianpour. (2024). The Relationship between Perception of Disability, Self-Concept, and Self-Efficacy in Veterans and Indivdiuals with Physical Disabilities. Iranian Journal of War & Public Health, 16(2), 151-159.
Moon, J. Y., & Kim, J. H. (2021). Association between self-esteem and efficacy and mental health in people with disabilities. Plos One, 16(10).
Moozova, E. V., Shmeleva, S. V., Sorokoumova, E. A., Nikishina, V. B., & Abdalina, L. V. (2015). Acceptance of Disability: Determinants of Overcoming Social Frustration. Global Journal of Health Science, 7(3).
Raharjo, S. T. (2014). Pekerjaan Sosial Generalis Suatu Pengantar Bekerja Bersama Organisasi dan Komunitas. Bandung: Unpad Press.
Tsaniyah, A. M., Mutmainnad, U. A., Azizah, S., Fahmy, Z., & Masfia, I. (2024). The impact of social stigma and adaptation strategies on adolescents with intellectual disabilities at Kinasih Inclusive Disability House. Jurnal Psikologi Tabularasa, 19(2), 138-153.
Wahyuni, R. P. (2016). RANCANGAN INTERVENSI SELF EFFICACY PADA REMAJA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DAKSA.
Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social Cognitive Theory of Organizational Management. The Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 361-384.
Yang, H.-r., Ko, Y., Park, Y., & Lee, H. (2017). The Effect of Discrimination and Self-efficacy on People with Acquired Physical Disability’s Acceptance of Disability: Focusing on Conditional Process Modeling through Social Activity Participation. Korea Open Access Journals, 27(3), 89-112.
Zahra, A. C. (2023). Accessibility for parents with disability: is it reality or fantasy? Disability & Society, 38(5), 887-892.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/share.v15i1.63692
Refbacks
- Saat ini tidak ada refbacks.
21.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.