ANALISIS WILAYAH UNGGULAN PERKEBUNAN: KOMODITAS TEBU (Saccharum officinarum Linn)

Mahra Arari Heryanto, Pandi Pardian, Adi Nugraha

Abstrak


Abstrak

Tebu (Saccharum officinarum Linn) adalah bahan baku industri gula yang merupakan salah satu komoditas bahan pokok konsumsi masyarakat Indonesia yang terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu sejalan bertambahnya penduduk baik untuk konsumsi rumah tangga maupun industri. Secara geografis tanaman tebu terkonsentrasi di sedikit wilayah saja, yaitu di pulau Jawa, sebagian kecil Sumatera dan Sulawesi. Tulisan ini bertujuan memetakan provinsi-provinsi di Indonesia yang menjadi wilayah unggulan komoditas tebu. Pendekatan yang digunakan kombinasi tipologi antara LQ (Location Quotient) dan DLQ (Dynamic Location Quotient). Wilayah unggulan untuk komoditas tebu harus memenuhi kriteria sebagai basis produksi pada periode tertentu dan berpotensi terus menjadi basis untuk masa yang akan datang dilihat dari kecenderungan (tren) basis produksinya. Wilayah-wilayah unggulan tebu yaitu provinsi Jawa Tengah, D.I Yogyakarta, dan Sulawesi Selatan. Ironinya, 2 dari 3 wilayah tersebut bukan daerah produsen utama tebu di Indonesia dengan kontribusi total keduanya yang sangat kecil (hanya 2,5 persen saja) terhadap produksi tebu nasional. Sebagian besar provinsi penghasil tebu (82 persen), walau merupakan basis (dilihat dari LQ) atau sentra produksi utama, tetapi dari sisi kecenderungan (analisis DLQ) atau tren menunjukan penurunan dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Diperlukan strategi khusus untuk meningkatkan laju pertumbuhan produksi tebu di wilayah sentra agar dapat terus berkembang untuk tahun-tahun berikutnya.

Kata kunci: Sentra produksi, analisis tren, industri gula.

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn) serves as a primary raw material for the sugar industry, which is one of the staple commodities for Indonesian consumption. The demand for sugar continues to rise due to population growth, both for household and industrial purposes. Geographically, sugarcane cultivation is concentrated in limited areas, primarily on the island of Java, with smaller distributions in Sumatra and Sulawesi. This study aims to identify and map the leading sugarcane-producing provinces in Indonesia. The analysis employs a typological approach that integrates the Location Quotient (LQ) and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ) methods. A province is considered a leading sugarcane-producing region if it has historically functioned as a production base and demonstrates the potential to remain a production center in the future, based on production trend analysis. The findings indicate that Central Java, the Special Region of Yogyakarta, and South Sulawesi emerge as leading sugarcane-producing areas. However, paradoxically, two of these three regions contribute minimally to national sugarcane production, accounting for only 2.5% of total output. Moreover, 82% of the major sugarcane-producing provinces, despite serving as current production bases (based on LQ analysis), exhibit a declining production trend over the past decade (as indicated by DLQ analysis). These findings highlight the urgent need for strategic interventions to enhance sugarcane production growth in core production regions to ensure their sustainability in the future.

Keywords: production base, trend analysis, sugar industry.

Teks Lengkap:

174-182

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/agricore.v9i2.61406

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