TOKSISITAS BEBERAPA TUMBUHAN APOCYNACEAE PADA HATI DAN GINJAL MENCIT SWISS-WEBSTER

Abstrak

The research was conducted to detect the effect of flower, leaf and stem bark extracts from golden trumpet, yellow oleander and frangipani on the liver and kidney structure of swiss-webster mice, hence the most toxic plant among the tested plants can also be screened. Single dose extract from each plant (616,8 mg/kg bw) was suspended in CMC 0,5% and administered orally to the mice and fourth day  their body, liver and kidney  weight were measured, liver and kidney organ  were made into preparate using paraffin method and HE staining. The result showed  liver weight per body weight were significantly differ (p<0,05) in the treatment of golden trumpet leaf and frangipani flower and no change in the kidney weight . Level of the vary liver desruption  occurred in all of the treated mice. Severe desruption is detected in the treatment of stem bark yellow oleander and frangipani flower. There were a disruptions on the kidney tissue, in the form of hemorrhage, such as the occurrence of erythrocyte in the Bowman space, tubules and intertubules. Glomerulus diameter, Bowman space diameter and tubule cells observation on the kidney showed no significant differences with control. Based on the parameters for liver, frangipani, yellow oleander and golden trumpet is found to be most toxic plant respectively. Assay on the three types of plant indicate that  the most toxic plant is golden trumpet, whereas the most toxic part of the plant is the stem bark.