The Inhibitory Potential of Botanical Fungicides Against Colletotrichum capsici the Causal Agent of Anthracnose on Chili in-Vitro

Sudania Sudania, Ropalia Ropalia, Riwan Kusmiadi

Abstract


Colletotrichum capsici infection in chilies significantly affected the yields. The use of chemical fungicides to control this pathogen has negative effects on health and the environment. The use of botanical pesticides is one alternative to control C. capsici. This study aims to determine the effect of a type of plant extract with a certain concentration to effectively inhibit the growth of the C. capsici The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five levels of treatment and five times replication. The treatments were no treatment/negative control, chemical fungicide (contains 70% propineb)/positive control, papaya leaf extract (20%), betel leaf extract (25%), and galangal rhizome extract (30%). Each experimental unit was repeated three times, each repetition using duplo petridishes. The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect on the inhibition of C. capsici in the PDA medium. Botanical fungicide treatment with galangal rhizome extract (30%) was able to significantly inhibit the growth of C. capsici compared to betel and papaya leaf extracts, although it was not as effective as chemical fungicides (contains propinep 70%). The inhibitory abilities of galangal rhizome extract (30%) and chemical fungicide (70% propineb) were 8,34% and 19,91%, respectively.

Keywords


mycelium growth, papaya leaf extract, betel leaf extract, galangal rhizome extract, chemical fungicide

References


Abera A, Lemessa F, & Adunga G. 2016. Morphological characteristics of Colletotrichum spesies associated with mango (Mangifera indica L.) in Southwest Ethiopia. J. Food Science and Quality Management. 48: 106-115. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/ 234684196.pdf

Aljobair MO. 2022. Chemical composition, antimicrobial properties, and antioxidant activity of galangal rhizome. Food Science and Technology Brazil. 4(2): 1–8, https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.45622

Anggrahini DS, Arif W, & Subandiyah S. 2020. Morphological and molecular identification of Colletotrichum spp. associated with chili anthracnose disease in Yogyakarta Region. J. Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia. 24(2): 161-174. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.58955

Arneti A, Liswarni Y & Edriwilya R. 2020. Efektivitas ekstrak daun pepaya secara invitro terhadap Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman. 4(1): 1, https://doi.org/10.25077/jpt.4.1.1-10.2020

Awaludin MA, Efri E & Sudiono S. 2020. Pengaruh ekstrak daun pepaya terhadap penyakit antraknosa pada buah pepaya. J. Agrotek Tropika. 8(3): 409–421, DOI:http://dx.doi. org/10.23960/jat.v8i3.4516

Barnett HL & Hunter BB. 2006. Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. Edisi ke-4. St. Paul, Minnesota (US): APS Pr.

Dimas TO. 2020. Efektifitas Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Colletotrichum musae Secara In Vitro. [skripsi]. Pekan Baru (ID). Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Baru, https://repository.uin-suska.ac.id/27560/1/ GABUNGAN%20KECUALI%20BAB%20IV.pdf

Ella MU, Sumiartha K, Suniti NW, Sudiarta IP, & Antara NS. 2013. Uji efektivitas konsentrasi minyak atsiri sereh dapur (Cymbopogon Citratus (DC.) Stapf) terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus sp. secara in vitro. E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika. 2(1): 39–48, https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/JAT/article/view/4577

Elfina Y, Ali M, & Aryanti L. 2015. Uji beberapa konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang tepung daun sirih hutan (Piper aduncum L.) untuk mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai merah pascapanen. Sagu. 14(2): 18-27, http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/sagu.v14i2.3006

Fahrun M, Panggeso J, & Rosmini. 2018. Efikasi ekstrak daun sirih terhadap Alternaria porri penyebab penyakit bercak ungu pada bawang merah secara in vitro. Jurnal Agrotekbis. 6(6): 757–763, http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/agrotekbis/index

Fatma M, Chatri M, Fifendy M, & Handayani D. 2021. Effect of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.) on coloni diameter and percentage of growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum. Serambi Biologi.6(2): 9-14, https://serambibiologi.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/srmb/article/view/2

Halim S, Ibrahim M, Mohsen AM, Abou-Setta L, Sleem A, & El-Missiry M. 2021. The influence of the extraction method on polyphenols, flavonoids composition and anti-hyperlipidemic properties of papaya leaves (Carica papaya Linn.). Bulletin of the National Research Centre. 45(1): 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1186/s42269-021-00548-4.

Hodiyah I, Hartini E, & Amilin A. 2019. Efikasi pestisida nabati dalam pengendalian penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L.). Jurnal Agroekoteknologi. 11(2): 189, http://dx.doi.org/10.33512/jur.agroekot etek.v11i2.7698

Hodiyah I., Hartini E, Amilin A, & Yusup MF. 2017. Daya hambat ekstrak daun sirsak, kirinyuh, dan rimpang lengkuas terhadap pertumbuhan koloni Colletotrichum acutatum. Jurnal Agro. 4(2): 80–89, http://repositori.unsil.ac.id/id/eprint/7439

Jin M, Yang C, Yang L, Cui L, & Wei L. 2021. Isolation and identification of a new Colletotrichum species causing anthracnose of Astragalus membranaceus. J. Crop Pretection.143: 105470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105470

Kumar S, Singh V, & Garg R. 2015. Culture and morphological variability in Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose disease. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 4(2): 243-250. https://www.ijcmas.com/vol-4-2/Saket%20Kumar,%20et%20al.pdf

Laraswati R, Kulsum U, & Ramdan EP. 2021. Efikasi ekstrak sirih, rimpang lengkuas dan kunyit terhadap penekanan pertumbuhan Xanthomonas oryzae. daun: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian dan Kehutanan. 8(1): 53–65, https://doi.org/10.33084/daun.v8i1.2245

Marsuni Y. 2020. Pencegahan penyakit antraknosa pada cabai besar (Lokal: Lombok Ganal) dengan perlakuan bibit kombinasi fungisida nabati. Pp. 113–116 Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah. Banjarbaru (Indonesia). https://snllb.ulm.ac. id/prosiding/index.php/snllb-lit/article/view/398

Masri M, Tridesianti S, Dismayanti F, Nainu I, Engga D, & Lianah L. 2021. Pengaruh ekstrak daun sirih terhadap pertumbuhan Colletotrichum capsici pada buah cabai merah. Jurnal Biologi. 14(2): 335–341, http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v14i2.21919

Nguyen LTT, Nguyen TT, Nguyen HN, & Bui QTP. 2020. Simultaneous determination of active compounds in Piper betle Linn. leaf extract and effect of extracting solvents on bioactivity. Engineering Reports. 2(10): 2–9, https://doi.org/10.1002/eng2.12246

Oktarina, Tripana B, & Rohma W. 2017. Biorasional ekstrak sirih dan tembakau sebagai fungisida nabati pada Colletotrichum sp. secara in vitro. Agritrop. 15(2): 59–66, http://repository.unmuhjember.ac.id/id/eprint/1627

Palupi H, Yulianah I, & Respatijati. 2015. Uji Ketahanan 14 galur cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap penyakit antraknosa (Colletotrichum spp.) dan layu bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum). J. Produksi Tanaman. 3(8): 640-648, https://dx.doi.org/10.21176/protan.v3i8.245

Pebriyani S. 2017. ji Efikasi Ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas (Alpinia galanga L.) atau Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) dalam Menghambat pertumbuhan Colletotrichum musae pada Pisang ambon (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum). [skripsi] Bangka (ID). Universitas Bangka Belitung.

Prajapati MK, Rawat SDr, Singh P, & Shankar K. 2020. Cultural and morphological characterization of Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 9(3): 1985-1989. https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2020/vol9issue3/PartAG/9-3-318-787.pdf

Putri VA, Posangi J, Nangoy E, & Bara RA. 2016. Uji daya hambat jamur endofit rimpang lengkuas (Alpinia galanga L.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Jurnal E-Biomedik. 4(2): 1-8, https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.v4i2.14665

Qiptiyah F, Wahyuni D, & Asyiah IN. 2015. Potensi ekstrak rimpang lengkuas merah (Alpinia Purpurata K Schum) dalam pengendalian jamur Hemileia Vastartix B. Et Br. pada kopi arabika (Coffea Arabica). Jurnal Pancaran. 4(2): 103–114, https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/pancaran/article/view/1555/1271

Ramdan EP, Risnawati, & Kurniasih R. 2022. Potensi ekstrak daun sirih dan rimpang lengkuas dalam menekan pertumbuhan Colletorichum gloeosporiodes skala in vitro. Pp. 290-295. Transformasi Pertanian Digital dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan dan Masa Depan yang Berkelanjutan. Jember (Indonesia). 10.25047/agropross.2022.299

Redi F. 2018. Pengujian ekstrak tanaman lengkuas di laboratorium untuk pengendalian jamur akar putih pada tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.) [skripsi]. Medan (ID). Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Salni, Aminasih N, & Sriviona R. 2013. Isolasi senyawa antijamur dari rimpang lengkuas putih (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd ) dan penentuan konsentrasi hambat minimum terhadap Candida albicans. Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung, https://jurnal.fmipa.unila.ac.id/semirata/article/view/623

Sopialena S, Mirza MA, & Soraya R. 2020. Influence of biopesticides on growth (Colletotrichum capsici Sydow) causes antraknosa in cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.). Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika Lembab. 2(2): 105-110, http://doi.org/210.35941/JATL

Suaib I, Lakani I, & Panggeso J. 2016. Efektifitas Ekstrak Rimpang Lengkuas Dalam Menghambat Aktifitas Cendawan Oncobasidium theobremae Secara In-vitro. J. Agrotekbis. 4(5): 506–511, http://jurnal.untad.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/agrotekbis/index

Syabana MA, Saylendra A, & Ramdhani D. 2015. Aktivitas anti cendwan ekstrak daun sereh wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) terhadap Colletotrichum sp. penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai (Capsicum annum L.) secara in Vitro dan in Vivo. Agrologia 4(1) 21-27, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/a.v4i1.220

Tangpong J & Chanudom L. 2011. Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities from 13 thai traditional plants. Jurnal Vachikan Maha Vathiyaya Rajabhat Nakhon Sathi Thammarat. 30(1): 1–11, https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN-L/2672-958X

Wanda TS, Efri E, Aeny TN, & Akin HM. 2014. Uji keefektifan ekstrak daun jarak dan daun nimba terhadap intensitas penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L.). Jurnal Agrotek Tropika. 2(3): 431–435, http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jat.v2i3.2074

Yulia E, Suganda T., Widiantini F, & Prasetyo RI. 2015. Uji keefektifan antijamur ekstrak air rimpang lengkuas (Alpinia galanga [L] Willd.) sebagai perlakuan pratanam untuk mengendalikan Colletotrichum spp. pada kedelai (Glycine max L.). Agrikultura. 26(2): 104–110, http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v26i2.8468

Yulianty Y, Lande ML, & Handayani TT. 2018. Efektivitas Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Antraknosa yang Disebabkan oleh Jamur Colletotrichum sp.pada Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.). Jurnal Mikologi Indonesia. 2(1): 49, http://doi.org/10.46638/jmi.v2i1.40

Zahara N, Ali M, & Puspita F. 2020. Uji Kemampuan Ekstrak Daun Beberapa Jenis Sirih (Piper sp.) Untuk Mengendalikan Jamur Aspergillus sp. Pada Benih Kacang Tanah Secara In Vitro. Konservasi Hayati. 16(1): 30–38, https://doi.org/10.33369/hayati.v16i1.11565

Zhang D, Zou L, Wu DT, Zhuang QG, Li H, Bin, Mavumengwana V, Corke H, & Gan RY. 2021. Discovery of 1’-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) as a promising antibacterial compound from galangal (Alpinia galanga (Linn.) Willd). Industrial Crops and Products. Industrial Crops & Products. 171: 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113883

Zulkipli S, Marsuni Y, & Rosa HO. 2018. Uji lapangan beberapa pestisida nabati untuk menekan perkembangan penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai Besar. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropika. 1(2): 32–34, http://jtam.ulm.ac.id/index.php/jpt/article/download/28/8




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/cropsaver.v6i1.44219

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection

2019 © Publisher by Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Universitas Padjadjaran

In Collaboration With

Centre for Product Development and Partnership Study (Puspromit)

Indonesian Entomological Society (PEI) and

Indonesian Phytopathological Society (PFI)

Chapter Bandung


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.