POTENTIAL FOR CO2 EMISSIONS IN TRANSPORTATION SECTOR AND REDUCTION STRATEGIES ANALYSIS RELATED TO GREENHOUSE GAS IN SEMARANG

Abstract

Semarang is the capital of Central Java Province and also one of the metropolitan city in Indonesia with population of 1,559,198 (Semarang in Number 2012). The high number of population and economic growth has an attraction for the community activities in Semarang and surrounding. Moreover, with the spatial planning concept which provide residential areas and commercial activities and services spread all over Semarang, it increase the distance and activities needs. One of the most influenced sectors with the increasing activities is the transportation sector. It can be seen by the increasing number of private vehicles and congestion in almost all main roads. In the Climate Change issue, one of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions contributor is the transport sector. Based on Semarang in Number 2012, with the year 2010 as a base line for emission count, it showed that the number of private car as many as 33,523 vehicles, oplet/microbus 859 vehicles, motor bikes 119,019 vehicles, buses 443 vehicles, trucks 913 vehicles and taxi as many as 1,265 vehicles. These numbers of vehicles was served by 2,786.28 kilometers of road which consists of national, provincial and municipal road, and also by the local road for about 2,691 kilometers. The total fuel consumption for the activities of those vehicles is 302,928.00 litre of Premium and 154,925,500 litre of solar. From the data presented,we calculated that the CO₂ Emissions is 111,020,367 ton CO₂e. From the data above, private cars and motorcycles reached 97% of the total transportation used in Semarang. With a considerable amount of transportation emission of 1,110,204 ton CO₂e, the effect on climate change through greenhouse gas (GHG) are quite high. Therefore,Semarang city needs a sustainable transportation strategy to reduce emission form the transport sector, such as Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) operation, use of fuel gas, and integrated public transportation systems that will make people interested in using public transportation.  From the operations of BRT system in Semarang, with three corridors from 2010- 2014, as many as 9,169,925 people are served by BRT (Dishubkominfo, 2014). Seeing from this condition, the need to increase integrated transportation system to decrease people from using private vehicles which in turn reduce CO₂ emissions in Semarang become increasingly important.