Review: Pengaruh Polimorfisme CYP2C9*2 dan CYP2C9*3 terhadap Resiko Pendarahan Saluran Gastrointestinal Terapi NSAID

FEBBY VALENTINE PURWADI, Tina Rostinawati

Abstrak


Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) adalah golongan obat pereda nyeri yang paling banyak diresepkan dan digunakan di dunia. Meskipun banyak digunakan tetapi NSAID tidak lepas dari efek samping. Efek samping serius yang paling sering terjadi adalah pendarahan pada saluran gastrointestinal. Berbagai faktor resiko telah diketahui dapat meningkatkan resiko pendarahan, seperti umur, penggunaan NSAID dosis tinggi, penggunaan bersamaan beberapa obat golongan NSAID dan juga polimorfisme gen. Polimorfisme pada gen pengkode enzim CYP2C9, enzim yang memetabolisme NSAID, diketahui memiliki peran yang cukup penting terhadap peningkatan resiko pendarahan. Variasi *2 dan *3 dari CYP2C9 akan menurunkan aktivitas CYP2C9 sehingga metabolisme NSAID berjalan lebih lama. Hal ini dapat berujung pada tingginya konsentrasi NSAID dalam plasma darah sehingga berakibat meningkatnya kemungkinan efek samping pendarahan. Penentuan polmorfisme CYP2C9, digunakan untuk penyesusaian dosis sehingga diharapkan dapat mengurangi resiko pendarahan saluran gastrointestinal.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v14i2.10849

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/jf.v14i2.10849.g5174

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