REVIEW: TERAPI UNTUK MENGHENTIKAN KEBIASAN MEROKOK (SMOKING CESSATION)

INGKA TISYA GARNISA

Abstrak


Merokok merupakan kebiasaan yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan baik bagi pengguna maupun orang-orang di sekitarnya yang menghirup asap dari rokok tersebut. Alasan kecanduan merokok diantaranya karena terdapat kandungan nikotin yang merupakan zat adiktif utama pada rokok. Review artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan berbagai pilihan terapi bagi pengguna yang ingin menghentikan kebiasaan merokok. Sumber data yang digunakan untuk dijadikan referensi pada review artikel ini terdiri dari dari 26 jurnal internasional, 5 text book, dan 1 website resmi. Dari review artikel ini didapatkan bahwa terapi untuk menghentikan kebiasaan merokok adalah terapi farmakologi dengan obat dan non farmokologi secara pendekatan perilaku. Terapi akan lebih efektif dengan menggabungkan pendekatan perilaku dan farmakologi. Terapi farmakologi lini pertama yang disetujui Food and Drug Administration (FDA) diantaranya varenicline, bupropion extend release, dan Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT).

 

Kata Kunci: merokok, nikotin, terapi pemberhentian merokok

 

ABSTRACT

Smoking is habit that can be harmful for health, both the smoker and the people around who smoke from the cigarette. The reasons for smoking addiction include nicotine which is the main addictive substance in cigarettes. This article review aims to provide a variety of smoking cessation therapies. Data sources used as references in this article review consist of 26 International journals, 5 textbooks, and 1 official website. From the review of this article, therapy of smoking cessation divided into two therapies, they are pharmacology therapy with some drug and non-pharmacology by behavioral. It was found that combined between behavioral and pharmacology are more effective than itself. The first line drugs based on FDA are varenicline, bupropion extend release, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT).

Keywords: smoking, nicotine, smoking cessation therapy


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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v19i2.22374

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v19i2.22374.g16415

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