EVALUASI INTERAKSI OBAT PADA RESEP PASIEN GERIATRI DI INSTALASI FARMASI RAWAT JALAN DI SALAH SATU RUMAH SAKIT DI SUKABUMI

Aurizal Risandy Irawan, Gofarana Wilar

Abstrak


ABSTRAK

Komplikasi penyakit biasanya terdapat pada pasien geriatri, yaitu berbagai gangguan penyakit kronis seperti hipertensi, diabetes melitus, gangguan jantung dan penyakit lainnya. Hal tersebut menyebabkan pasien geriatri akan mendapatkan resep dengan jumlah R/ lebih dari satu. Banyaknya jumlah obat yang diresepkan dan dikonsumsi dapat meningkatkan risiko gangguan kesehatan dan berpotensi untuk menyebabkan polifarmasi, sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya interaksi obat, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), dan Medications Error. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah persentase interaksi obat berdasarkan tingkat keparahannya dan persentase interaksi obat berdasarkan jumlah jenis obat (R/) dari hasil evaluasi resep rawat jalan pada pasien geriatri. Identifikasi interaksi antar obat dilakukan dengan melakukan pengkajian resep pada pasien geriatri rawat jalan selama bulan September 2020 di Rumah Sakit Pemerintah di Kota Sukabumi yang kemudian ditentukan kategori interaksinya. Kemudian ditentukan persentase interaksi obat berdasarkan tingkat keparahannya dan persentase jumlah interaksi berdasarkan jumlah jenis obat (R/). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentase jumlah interaksi obat yang diperoleh sebesar 4,63% interaksi minor, 83,33% interaksi moderat, dan 12,03% interaksi mayor. Kemudian, persentase antara jumlah interaksi obat dengan jumlah jenis obat (R/) memiliki persentase sebesar 3,7%, 3,7%, 4,63%, 41,67%, 27,78%, dan 18,52% terhadap jumlah R/ tiga, empat, lima, enam, tujuh, dan delapan obat secara berurutan.

ABSTRACT

 Disease complications generally occur in geriatric patients, namely various chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart problems and other diseases. This causes geriatric patients to get a prescription with an amount of R / more than one. The large number of drugs prescribed and consumed can increase the risk of health problems and have the potential to cause polypharmacy, thereby increasing the risk of drug interactions, Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs), and Medications Error. This study aims to determine the percentage of potential drug interactions based on their severity and the percentage of potential drug interactions based on the number of types of drugs (R/) from the evaluation of outpatient prescriptions in geriatric patients. The identification of potential interactions between drugs was carried out by conducting a prescription review of outpatient geriatric patients during September 2020 at the Government Hospital in Sukabumi City, which then determined the category of the interaction. The results showed that the percentage of the number of drug interactions that occurred was 4.63% minor category, 83.33% moderate interaction, and 12.03% major interactions. Then, the percentage between the number of drug interactions and the number of types of drugs in one prescription (R/) has a percentage of 3.7%, 3.7%, 4.63%, 41.67%, 27.78%, and 18.52 % of the number of types of drugs as many as three, four, five, six, seven, and eight drugs in one prescription respectively.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v20i1.33484

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.24198/farmaka.v20i1.33484.g17339

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