Efek Astaxanthin dan Latihan Teratur terhadap Pola Stres Oksidatif Pria Setelah Aktivitas Berat

Nova Sylviana, Hanna Gunawan, Ronny Lesmana, Ambrosius Purba, Ieva B. Akbar

Abstract


Aktivitas fisik berat meningkatkan senyawa oksigen reaktif dalam tubuh yang diketahui dengan mengukur kadar malondialdehid (MDA) dari hasil proses lipid peroksidase yaitu kerusakan oksidatif pada biomolekul lipid akibat reaktivitas senyawa oksigen reaktif (SOR), namun pola perubahan kadar MDA plasma seseorang setelah beraktivitas fisik berat masih belum dipahami. Antioksidan potensial seperti astaxanthin dan latihan teratur diduga dapat memengaruhi pola perubahan kadar MDA tersebut. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian eksperimental dengan subjek 15 orang pria terlatih dan 15 orang pria tidak terlatih anggota sebuah pusat kebugaran di Bandung, usia 18­–25 tahun yang terbagi menjadi kelompok yang mendapatkan suplemen astaxhantin atau plasebo selama satu minggu secara buta ganda. Setelah pemberian suplemen atau plasebo, setiap kelompok melakukan tes aktivitas anaerobik berat. Dilakukan pengukuran MDA rerata (mmol/mL) sebelum dilakukan tes, langsung setelah tes, 6 jam setelah tes, dan 24 jam setelah tes. Data yang dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA diikuti uji Duncan menunjukkan bahwa sebelum tes keempat kelompok mempunyai rerata yang hampir sama, sementara rerata MDA yang diperiksa pada setelah tes pada kelompok pria terlatih dengan suplementasi astaxanthin memiliki rerata MDA terendah, sementara yang tertinggi pada kelompok pria tak terlatih dengan plasebo (p<0,05). Perubahan rerata MDA pada setiap kelompok menunjukkan pola dinamis sama yaitu meningkat tajam langsung setelah tes latihan fisik, mulai mengalami penurunan pada jam ke–6 dan kembali ke rerata awal pada jam ke–24 (p<0,05), kecuali pada kelompok pria tak terlatih dengan plasebo meningkat 2 kali dari nilai awal. Hal ini menunjukkan astaxanthin dan latihan mempunyai efek positif terhadap peningkatan kadar MDA namun tidak memengaruhi pola perubahannya setelah aktivitas fisik berat.

Kata kunci: Astaxanthin, latihan, malondialdehid

 


The Effect of Astaxanthin and Regular Training on Dynamic Pattern of Oxidative Stress on Male under Strenuous Exercise

Abstract
Strenuous physical activity will induce higher Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) level in human body that can be measured by serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Malondialdehyde is product of lipid peroxidation process that defined as oxidative damage of lipid biomolecule by reactivity of reactive oxygen species. Still, the dynamic pattern of malondialdehyde (MDA) level under strenuous exercise is not fully understood. Potent antioxidant such as astaxanthin and training may altered the level of MDA. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand the effect of astaxanthin to MDA dynamic pattern on training male after strenuous physical activity. It was a double blind, experimental study, conducted on thirty young male age, divided into untrained and trained groups. Supplement astaxanthin was given to 15 subject as well as plasebo for one week. After supplementation, subjects were tested with anaerobic strenuous physical activity. The values were analyzed with ANOVA test followed by Duncan test showed that in every group, mean of MDA before test was similar, started increasing significantly after test, began decreasing at 6th hour post test and back to baseline at 24th hour post test (p<0.05), except for group of untrained male with plasebo, the value still increase twice from baseline. The lowest mean of MDA was found on group of trained male with astaxanthin supplementation and the highest was found on group of untrained male with placebo (p<0.05). These findings support that astaxanthin and training might have positive effect to oxidative stress condition without altered its dynamic pattern in male after strenuous physical activity.

Keywords: Astaxanthin, malondialdehyde, training


Keywords


Astaxanthin, latihan, malondialdehid

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2017.6.1.46

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