Profil Mean Arterial Pressure dan Tekanan Darah pada Pasien Hipertensi Krisis dengan Kombinasi Amlodipin
Abstract
Berdasarkan pedoman pengobatan hipertensi krisis, pengobatan hipertensi emergensi menggunakan antihipertensi parenteral sedangkan hipertensi urgensi menggunakan antihipertensi oral. Tujuannya agar tercapai penurunan Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) di bawah 25% dan tekanan darah sistolik/diastolik (TDS/TDD) di bawah atau sama dengan 160/100 mmHg. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penurunan MAP dan TDS/TDD setelah 24 jam pemberian amlodipin oral dengan berbagai kombinasi pada pasien hipertensi krisis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan potong lintang (cross-sectional) yang bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien hipertensi krisis rawat inap di RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Kota Pontianak periode Januari 2016–Desember 2017. Sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 38 pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien hipertensi emergensi yang menggunakan amlodipin secara oral dengan kombinasi antihipertensi lainnya memiliki nilai MAP setelah 24 jam sebesar 24% dan beberapa pasien hipertensi emergensi menunjukkan pencapaian MAP-nya sebesar 32%. Namun demikian, penurunan TDS/TDD setelah 24 jam mencapai di bawah atau sama dengan 160/100 mmHg. Penggunaan amlodipin oral dengan berbagai kombinasi terapi antihipertensi lainnya pada pasien hipertensi urgensi menunjukkan pencapaian MAP berkisar 20–23%. Sementara itu, TDS/TDD setelah 24 jam mencapai sekitar dan di bawah 160/100 mmHg. Penggunaan amlodipin secara oral dengan kombinasi antihipertensi lainnya pada pasien hipertensi emergensi belum mampu menunjukkan penurunan MAP sesuai yang diinginkan. Di sisi lain, penanganan hipertensi urgensi dengan menggunakan amlodipin oral dengan berbagai kombinasi terapi antihipertensi lainnya menunjukkan pencapaian penurunan MAP sesuai dengan pedoman pengobatan hipertensi krisis.
Kata kunci: Amlodipin, hipertensi krisis, mean arterial pressure, tekanan darah
Mean Arterial Pressure and Blood Pressure Profile in Hypertensive Crises Patients with Amlodipine Therapy Combination
Abstract
Based on treatment guidelines of crisis hypertension, emergency hypertensive treatment uses parenteral antihypertensive whereas urgency hypertensive uses oral antihypertensive. The goal is to achieve a drop in Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) below 25% and systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) below or equal to 160/100 mmHg. This study aimed to describe the decrease in MAP and SBP/DBP after 24 hours of oral amlodipine administration with various combinations in patients with crisis hypertension. This research was an observational research with cross-sectional design which was descriptive. Data collection was done retrospectively based on medical record data of hypertensive crisis patients that hospitalized at RSUD Sultan Syarif Mohamad Alkadrie Pontianak City from January 2016 until December 2017. The samples obtained were 38 patients. Results from the study showed that emergency hypertension patients who used oral amlodipine with other antihypertensive combinations had 24-hour MAP values of 24% and some emergency hypertension patients showed a MAP attainment of 32% with decreased SBP/DBP after 24 hours reached under 160/100 mmHg. The use of oral amlodipine amlodipine with other antihypertensive combinations in urgency hypertensive patients showed an achievement of 20–23% reduction in MAP with decreased SBP/DBP after 24 hours under 160/100 mmHg. The use of oral amlodipine with other antihypertensive combinations in emergency hypertensive patients did not show a desirable reduction in MAP. Treatment of urgency hypertensive by using oral amlodipine with various combinations of other antihypertensive therapies showed a decrease in MAP according to crisis hypertension treatment guidelines.
Keywords: Amlodipine, blood pressure, hypertensive crises, mean arterial pressure
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2018.7.3.172
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