Kajian Penggunaan Antihipertensi pada Pasien Strok di Instalasi Rawat Inap RSU Anutapura Palu Tahun 2017

Joni Tandi, Dian S. Waruwu, Ayu Martina

Abstract


Strok adalah gangguan serebrovaskular yang sering menyebabkan kerusakan yang luas dan jangka panjang pada kesehatan pasien. Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko terpenting untuk strok. Pengobatan hipertensi tidak dilakukan dalam jangka pendek, oleh sebab itu, dibutuhkan perhatian khusus untuk penatalaksanaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis maupun golongan obat antihipertensi yang digunakan pada pasien strok dalam hubungannya dengan potensi terjadinya drug related problems (DRPs) terkait pemilihan obat dan dosis antihipertensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data secara prospektif pada periode September–Desember tahun 2017 yang didasarkan pada catatan rekam medis pasien strok di instalasi rawat inap RSU Anutapura Palu. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian terhadap 32 pasien strok menunjukkan penggunaan jenis dan golongan antihipertensi terbanyak yaitu amlodipin yang termasuk golongan calcium channel blocker (CCB) sebanyak 28 pasien (56%), captopril yang termasuk golongan angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor sebanyak 6 pasien (12%), candesartan yang termasuk golongan angiotensin receptor blocker sebanyak 5 pasien (10%), nikardipin sebanyak 3 pasien (6%) dan diltiazem sebanyak 4 pasien (8%) yang termasuk golongan CCB. Adapun DRPs yang ditemukan terkait pemilihan obat dan dosis antihipertensi pada pasien strok yaitu adanya obat antihipertensi yang tidak tepat sebanyak 6 pasien (18,75%) dan adanya dosis terlalu tinggi sebanyak 9 pasien (28,12%). Diharapkan apoteker dapat berperan dalam mengidentifikasi adanya kemungkinan DRPs penggunaan antihipertensi pada pasien strok untuk meminimalkan persentase kejadian.

Kata kunci: Antihipertensi, drug related problems (DRPs), hipertensi, strok

 

Study of Antihypertensive Use in Stroke Patients at Inpatient  Installation of Anutapura General Hospital Palu in 2017

Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular disorder that often causes extensive and long-term damage to the patient’s health. Hypertension is the most important risk factor for stroke. Treatment of hypertension is not done in the short term, therefore special attention is needed for its management. This study aimed to examine the types and classes of antihypertensive drugs used in stroke patients in relation to the potential occurrence of drug related problems (DRPs) related to drug selection and antihypertensive doses. This research was a descriptive research with prospective data collected from September-December 2017 based on the medical record of stroke patient at inpatient installation of Anutapura General Hospital Palu. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique which fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results of the study of 32 stroke patients showed that the highest use of antihypertensive type and class are amlodipine as many as 28 patients (56%) with class of calcium channel blocker (CCB), captopril 6 patients (12%) with class of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, candesartan 5 patients (10%) with class of angiotensin receptor blocker, nicardipin 3 patients (6%) and diltiazem 4 patients (8%) with class of CCB. The DRPs that were found to be related to drug selection and antihypertensive doses in stroke patients were due to the presence of inappropriate antihypertensive drugs found in 6 patients (18.75%) and the number of high doses in 9 patients (28.12%). The role of pharmacists is intended for identifying the possibility of DRPs for antihypertension in stroke patients to minimize the percentage of events.

Keywords: Antihypertensive, drug related problems (DRPs), hypertension, stroke


Keywords


Antihipertensi, drug related problems (DRPs), hipertensi, stroke

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2018.7.4.260

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